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FACTORS AFFECTING WOMEN EMPOWERMENT PROJECTS IN THE COUNTY GOVERNMENTS OF KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF MURANG'A COUNTY GOVERNMENT
(Management University of Africa, 2024) MUGO PATRICIAH MUTHONI
Purpose of this study was to find out factors affecting women empowerment projects in the county governments in Kenya. The objectives of the study were to establish the effect of project planning, project monitoring, stakeholder participation and project management practices on women empowerment projects in the county governments in Kenya. The study would be of significance to management of Murang'a County Government and other researchers. Descriptive research design was used in this investigation. The target population was 60 employees in the project management department of the organization. The study will focus on project management department of the county government, which was grouped into top management, middle management, and support staff. A sample size of 45 was taken that represents 75% of the target population. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyze the data.
Tables and figures were used to display quantitative data, while descriptive notes were also used to present qualitative data. From the analysis 88% of the respondents agreed that project planning affects women empowerment projects while 12% of the respondents disagreed. From the analysis 92% of the respondents agreed that project monitoring affects women empowerment projects while 8% of the respondents disagreed. From the analysis 96% of the respondents agreed that stakeholder participation affects women empowerment projects while 4% of the respondents disagreed. From the analysis 92% of the respondents agreed that project management practices affect women empowerment projects while 8% of the respondents disagreed. The researcher recommends that well-structured project planning should be put in place so as to lead to more successful outcomes, providing a solid foundation for the implementation and sustainability of women empowerment projects. The study recommends that integrating thorough project monitoring practices is essential for the sustainability and effectiveness of women empowerment initiatives. It was recommended organization should provide it is evident that incorporating stakeholder participation into the planning and implementation of women empowerment projects is essential for achieving positive results. The researcher recommends that project managers ensures that projects are well-coordinated, resources are utilized efficiently, and objectives are met within the specified timelines. It involves setting clear goals, defining roles and responsibilities, managing risks, and regularly assessing progress.
EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOODS IN RONGAI SUB-COUNTY, NAKURU COUNTY
(Management University of Africa, 2024-11) OTOCHI TOM NYANGAU
The researcher aimed to explore the influence of change in climate on sustainable livelihoods among households in the Rongai Sub-county. Specifically, the study sought to examine the consequence of changing seasons and rainfall patterns, food insecurity, water scarcity, and infectious disease patterns on sustainable livelihoods among households in Rongai Sub-county. The study was based on entitlement theory and resilience theory. It adopted a descriptive survey research design and targeted 52,248 households in the Rongai Sub-county. Fisher’s formula was used to obtain the sample size of 96 respondents. Stratified random sampling was employed to select respondents, where each of the five wards in Rongai Sub-county represented a stratum. A questionnaire was used to collect data, and the instrument was piloted in Njoro Sub-county. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 25 statistical software. The analysis utilized descriptive statistics in the form of frequencies and percentages. The extracted data were quantitative and presented in tables for ease of interpretation. The answers directed that a substantial majority of respondents have observed changes in seasons and rainfall patterns in Rongai Sub-County. The findings reveal that water scarcity is a pressing concern for households in Rongai Sub-County, with a significant most reporting it as a problem. The study in Rongai Sub-County found that 78.3% of respondents recognized changes in seasons and rainfall patterns, significantly impacting livelihoods and revealing a strong positive correlation (r = 0.751; p < 0.05) between these changes and sustainable livelihoods. The findings in revealed that 66.3% of households experience food insecurity, significantly impacting livelihoods, with a significant positive correlation (r = 0.672; p < 0.05) between food insecurity and sustainable livelihoods. The findings also indicated that 72.3% of households face significant water scarcity challenges, adversely affecting livelihoods, health, and agricultural productivity, with a strong positive significant correlation (r = 0.672; p < 0.05) between water scarcity and sustainable livelihoods. Finally, the findings in Rongai Sub-County reveal that 67% of households have observed significant changes in infectious disease patterns, which negatively impact livelihoods and productivity, with a positive correlation (r = 0.604; p < 0.05) between infectious disease patterns and sustainable livelihoods. The study concluded that changing seasons and rainfall patterns, food insecurity, water scarcity and infectious disease patterns had an effect on sustainable livelihoods among households .The study recommended that to address the impacts of changing seasons on sustainable livelihoods in Nakuru County, it is crucial for local governments and policymakers to
implement adaptive strategies that enhance community resilience.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF YOUTH DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN KENYA:A CASE STUDY OF BAWA LA TUMAINI SELF HELP GROUP,LANGATA CONSTITUENCY
(Management University of Africa, 2024-06) NAFTALY GITAU NJUGUNA
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing implementation of youth development projects in Kenya with its relation on Bawa La Tumaini self-help group. The overall objective of the study was to establish the influence of government policy, group leadership, entrepreneurship Training, band funding, and sociocultural factors bon implementation youth development projects bin Kenya. the findings of this particular study were relevant to the management Bawa La Tumaini self-help group band bother researchers. methods descriptive research design was adopted, band the study population consisted of b47 people affiliated directly to Bawa La Tumaini self-help group. this study was census where the total target population comprised the sample size of this study. The data was analyzed qualitatively band quantitatively. the result was divided into qualitative and quantitative part bas the descriptive notes, content
analysis for qualitative data whereas tables & figures were bused for showing frequency of different variables. The researcher suggests that there is need should raise awareness bon the policy among youth. There should be increased youth groups band leadership structures created. The Ministry of Youth band Sports should facilitate youth groups with quality, comprehensive b& convenient training on project planning band how to approve by our income generating projects. Out of this, there were recommendations for youth income generating projects to get enough resources from elsewhere than the youth enterprise development fund in border for sustainability check bon these projects. There is need for creation of channels of information band high education colleges in the constituency, offering of rehabilitation services, creation of employment opportunities, increase youth band women representation band offering of funding.
RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN LAND SURVEYING: A CASE STUDY OF PIONEER ENGINEERING AND CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
(Management University of Africa, 2025-01) MERCY MUTHONI MARINGA
Construction and engineering projects are inherently more complex and prone to risks, adversely affecting schedule, cost, and quality. Land surveying is particularly susceptible to all the technical, legal, environmental, and operational uncertainties (because before the actual construction can occur, it is an inevitable step that must be taken). The reality is more exacerbated in Kenya, where the streets are becoming fast urbanized; the infrastructure development and the country's ambitions to realize its Vision 2030 development agenda make it even more critical to have correct and timely land data. This study aimed to assess the practice and effectiveness of the project risk management activities within the land surveying role at the Pioneer Engineering and Construction Company Ltd. It focused primarily on risk acceptance, risk avoidance, risk mitigation, and risk transfer as being among the core risk strategies and discussed the impact they had on the performance of the projects. A descriptive research design was adopted, whereas a structured questionnaire was employed to collect quantitatively oriented data on 70 research respondents, surveyors, technical staff, and project managers who directly engaged in land surveying. The sampling method was purposive, and only people with practical knowledge of surveying operations were used. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, and mean) were used to analyze data; findings were tabulated. The research aimed to find ways of reviewing the frequency and proficiency of the risk strategies adopted and the effects of these practices on the results of the projects regarding meeting timeliness, validity of data, and customer satisfaction. The findings indicated that reduced risk and avoidance of risks were the most sought and practiced measures. The respondents expressed those modern technologies, such as drones, RTK GPS, and GIS, were distributed widely, providing more correct and non-delaying data regarding operations. Preemptive risk avoidance measures were also standard, i.e., making pre-siting explorations and avoiding contentious zones. These approaches resemble the books on learning to appreciate technological integration and risk identification in the initial stages. A discriminative application of risk acceptance occurred where mitigation costs exceeded anticipated risks. However, it possessed internal control mechanisms to verify those risks. Insurance and contract provisions of risk transference were identified but were not as consistently practiced, so implementing policies should be facilitated. The research concluded that good risk management practices positively influenced project performance, resulting in improved delivery deadlines, data quality, and stakeholder satisfaction. Findings align with the project management and systems theory, which suggests a proactive and coordinated attitude towards uncertainty. However, though the study is limited to a single organization, it is educational to the actual industry participant and the policymakers seeking to enhance risk preparedness in the land surveying industry. The study suggests formalizing an official risk management system, making risk reporting mandatory in all project reports, frequent risk training to understand deep-rooted risk measurement tools, and last but not least, research into external factors of risk of land surveying in Kenya. The suggestions would allow companies to increase operational and long-term resilience to manage a more complex construction environment.
EFFECTS OF PROJECT RISK MANAGEMENT ON DELIVERY OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING PROJECTS IN KENYA. A CASE STUDY OF KENYA NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AUTHORITY (KENHA)
(Management University of Africa, 2025-06) ELIZABETH MWARANGU
The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of project risk management on delivery of construction engineering projects in Kenya, a case study of Kenya National Highways Authority (KeNHA). Specific objectives were; To assess the effect of risk identification effect of risk mitigation strategies on the delivery of construction engineering projects at KeNHA and to analyze the effect of risk monitoring on the delivery of construction engineering projects at KeNHA. The research employed descriptive research design. The target population was 141 employees of Kenya National Highways Authority, Headquarters. The census approach was employed in the investigation to determine sample size. A survey was employed by the investigator in order to gather data. The study employed descriptive analysis for data analysis. Microsoft Excel aided in data analysis. According to the report, risk identification is a crucial aspect of project delivery at KeNHA, integrating stakeholder contributions and capturing information on risks. Structured frameworks for risk assessment and review cycles ensure adequate skills and strategic risk management. The study concluded that KeNHA's risk management techniques are effective, but there is room for improvement in training and resource allocation. Additionally, the study discovered that risk monitoring procedures are active and integrated during project execution, with systems for tracking risks and monitoring progress of mitigation activities. Proper monitoring helps achieve control during project execution and improves project delivery results. The study recommends that KeNHA improve its risk identification processes by expanding the tools and techniques used, including early stakeholder inclusion. Regularly reviewing and updating evaluation frameworks and providing ongoing training for assessors can enhance risk management. Reporting on project decisions based on assessments can strengthen project management. Allocating training resources on mitigation measures can enable a more proactive approach. Defining boundaries for modifying protocols can strengthen organizational agility. Integrating real-time data streams into risk monitoring can enhance risk tracking, reporting, and response. Streamlined collaboration among stakeholders can accelerate responses to new risks. Additional investigation may examine the impact of organizational culture, risk management practices, leadership style, and technological adoption on risk management efficacy.
FACTORS AFFECTING PROVISION OF CLEAN WATER IN KIBERA CONSTITUENCY, NAIROIBI COUNTY
(Management University of Africa, 2025-06) NAOMI MUTOKO KIOKO
People's living conditions can be enhanced by having access to clean water and adequate sanitation as they encourage income generating, healthy living, and clean surroundings.
Nevertheless, no research has been done to date that focuses on determining the variables affecting the availability of clean water in underdeveloped nations like Kenya. The purpose of this study was to lower the frequency of waterborne illnesses in children under five and investigate the factors influencing the availability of potable water in Nairobi County's Kieran constituency. The descriptive survey approach was used as the research strategy for this investigation. All residents in Kieran Constituency who were older than eighteen were included in the targeted population. Simple random selection was used to choose a sample of 384 responders. Both qualitative and quantitative primary data were gathered for this research. Research assistants helped participants self-administer the questionnaires. While the qualitative data was subjected to content analysis, the quantitative data was evaluated using descriptive statistics with SPSS. In addition to being shown in tables and narrative style, the findings were presented using means, percentages, and frequencies. Local communities' livelihoods suffered as a result of the variables influencing the availability of clean water. The study's conclusions suggest enhancing community involvement, putting sustainable water and sanitation solutions into place, and raising awareness and educating the public.
FACTORS AFFECTING PLANNING OF DONOR FUNDED PROJECTS IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF THE KIBERA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE (AMREF)
(Management University of Africa, 2025-06) JOEL MUNYALO WILLY
Planning is a crucial stage in the effective execution of donor-funded projects since it forms the basis for the creation of goals, plans, budgets, and schedules. Still, a variety of internal and
external elements frequently impact this planning process' efficacy. Among these, stakeholder involvement, financing availability and dependability and the current economic climate are
crucial. Each of these factors has the potential to have a major influence on the creation, modification and implementation of plans. To make sure that donor-funded initiatives are not only well-designed but also responsive to beneficiary demands and flexible enough to adjust to changing circumstances, it is imperative to comprehend these variables. This study aimed at determining factors affecting planning of donor funded projects in Kenya, with reference to Kibera Community Health Centre (Amref). The specific study objectives were to determine the effect of stakeholder engagement, funding and economic stability on planning of donor funded projects. A total of 65 employees represented the target population. The use of census was applied as a sampling method. The questionnaires were used as tool for collecting data. The quantitative analysis was applied, and data presentation was through tables. The study concludes that, when stakeholders are engaged during planning, they develop a sense of ownership and responsibility for the project. This increases the likelihood that they will support the project even after donor funding ends. Stakeholder ownership also ensures better resource contribution, local monitoring, and greater accountability. When donors commit to multi-year funding with clear disbursement schedules, project teams can develop long-term plans with strategic milestones, phased rollouts, and contingency buffers. This predictability fosters better integration with national development plans and allows for alignment with other donor or government programs. Stable funding environments allow planners to think big and innovate rather than just manage day-to-day risks. Economic stability assures them that their funds will be used efficiently and that projects can be planned and implemented with minimal disruption. It also enables the host government to commit complementary resources confidently. Stability fosters donor trust, encouraging more funding and allowing for longer- term development planning. Stakeholder engagement should not be limited to the initial planning phase but should continue throughout the project lifecycle. To maintain ongoing communication, donor-funded projects should include feedback mechanisms such as community scorecards, suggestion boxes and digital surveys. These tools will help capture changing opinions, emerging concerns, and innovative suggestions from stakeholders. This not only strengthens stakeholder trust but also helps the project remain responsive to dynamic local needs and conditions. The organization should synchronize the project’s budgeting and planning cycles with those of the donors and the host government. Early coordination with finance teams and national treasury officials ensures smoother integration of donor funds into government systems and vice versa. This alignment also allows for better forecasting of fund availability, reduces duplication of efforts, and improves accountability and reporting to donors and government agencies. Economic instability can create policy uncertainty that disrupts donor-funded projects, such as changes in tax laws, import restrictions, or fuel price hikes. To address these risks, project planners should promote regular policy dialogue between donors and host governments. Engaging ministries of finance, planning, and development ensures that donor-supported initiatives align with national economic recovery efforts and that policy support is provided when needed. This collaboration strengthens the enabling environment for planning and implementation, secures government co-financing, and helps avoid regulatory roadblocks that can derail planning processes.
EFFECTS OF STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ON PROJECT PERFORMANCE IN NON-GOVERMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS PROJECTS IN KENYA. A CASE OF AFRICAN MEDICAL AND RESEARCH FOUNDATION HEALTH PROJECT
(Management University of Africa, 2025-06) RUWEIDHA IBRAHIM ABDULLAH
The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of stakeholder engagement on project performance in NGO projects in Kenya. A case of AMREF Health Project. The following were the specific
objectives of the study, to explore the effects of stakeholder communication, stakeholder feedback, stakeholder power dynamics and stakeholder involvement on project performance in
NGO projects in Kenya. The significance of the study was to policy makers, management of health projects and future researchers. The study adopted descriptive research design. The
target population for this study was 112 employees of AMREF Health Project. The study considered sample size of 56 respondents which was done using stratified random sampling as
the sampling design. Data was collected through questionnaires that were distributed to the respondents. To ensure validity and reliability of the questionnaire, a pilot study was done. The
data was analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods and later presented through tables, bar graphs and pie charts. In the case of NGO projects in Kenya like the AMREF Health
Project active participation through communication, feedback, power relations, and participation is crucial in the determination of the performance of the project. By prioritizing these areas, the study was able to encourage better coordination, shared ownership, and more successful and sustainable results. The research advised companies to enhance strategic leadership because it has numerous positive impacts to the organizations and this hastens the implementation of the short-term objectives. It also emphasized the need to upgrade the performance monitoring which contributes to the continuous development and gives a boost to the effectuation of the policies on risk management.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFECTIVE ROLLOUT OF THE DIGITAL IDENTITY SYSTEM IN KENYA, FOCUSING ON THE HUDUMA NAMBA INITIATIVE.
(Management University of Africa, 2025-08) ZENA ABDULRAHMAN MUSA
The study's main objective was to investigate the factors affecting the effective rollout of the digital identity system in Kenya, focusing on the Huduma Namba initiative. The study was
guided by the following specific objectives: to examine the impact of communication strategy and public participation on the effectiveness of Huduma Namba's rollout, to assess the
influence of legal safeguards on the successful implementation of the Huduma Namba project, to evaluate the effects of exclusion and marginalized group considerations in the adoption of
Huduma Namba, and to analyze the adequacy of data protection safeguards in influencing public trust in Huduma Namba. A descriptive research design was adopted, targeting
government departments involved in the Huduma Namba rollout, as well as members of the public. The target population consisted of 100 respondents, and a sample size of 80 respondents
was determined using Slovene’s formula. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Quantitative data were analyzed
using frequency distributions and percentages, while qualitative data were summarized to identify emerging themes. The results were presented in tables, charts, and graphs. The findings
revealed that an effective communication strategy and public participation significantly improved the awareness and adoption of Huduma Namba. However, gaps in legal safeguards affected the project's smooth implementation, as some respondents expressed concerns regarding inadequate legal frameworks. It was also established that the exclusion of marginalized groups posed a significant challenge to the universal adoption of the system. Furthermore, the study found that inadequate data protection measures led to low public trust, with respondents voicing fears of data misuse and privacy violations. The study recommended that the government strengthen public participation through awareness campaigns and stakeholder engagements to increase adoption rates. It also recommended enhancing legal safeguards to provide a comprehensive regulatory framework for the digital identity system. To address exclusion, the study proposed targeted strategies for marginalized groups to ensure inclusivity. Lastly, the study emphasized the need for robust data protection mechanisms to build public trust and ensure the security of citizens’ personal data. These findings are expected to guide policymakers and stakeholders in addressing challenges and improving the implementation of digital identity systems in Kenya.
EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRACTISES ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN COUNTY PROJECTS IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL AND RURAL INCLUSIVE GROWTH PROJECT IN NANDI COUNTY
(Management University of Africa, 2025-06) LYAN CHEROTICH
Agriculture was a critical driver of socio-economic development in Kenya, particularly within rural areas such as Nandi County, where the majority of the population depended on farming for
their livelihoods. This study examined the effect of agricultural practices—specifically agroforestry, organic farming, hydroponics and aeroponics, and irrigation farming—on socioeconomic development in Nandi County, under the framework of the National Agricultural and Rural Inclusive Growth Project (NARIGP). The study adopted a descriptive research design employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, interviews, and observations to ensure triangulation and enhance validity. The target population consisted of 400 individuals—including farmers, agricultural officers, local government officials, and community leaders—from which a sample of 120 respondents was selected through stratified random sampling. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis, with socio-economic development as the dependent variable and the four agricultural practices as independent variables. Instrument reliability was tested using Cronbach’s Alpha, with a threshold of 0.7, and content validity was ensured through expert review. The study achieved a 100% response rate, with all 120 questionnaires successfully completed, reflecting strong engagement from the community. The findings showed that agroforestry was highly valued for improving soil fertility, crop yields, household income, and employment opportunities, with tree planting being the most widely adopted practice. Organic farming was positively perceived for improving produce quality, food security, and household incomes, despite challenges related to input access and labor. Hydroponics and aeroponics were acknowledged for their water-saving benefits and contribution to food security, although awareness and infrastructure gaps limited their adoption. Irrigation farming was widely recognized for enhancing productivity, stabilizing food availability, and improving incomes, though access challenges remained. Overall, agricultural practices significantly improved household income, food security, employment opportunities, and quality of life in Nandi County, though connections to affordable education and health services required further strengthening. The study recommended that county authorities and stakeholders intensify training, infrastructure investment, market linkages, and supportive policies to scale up sustainable agricultural practices. Additionally, it encouraged integrating agricultural gains with social services to promote inclusive and equitable socio-economic development. These findings contributed valuable insights for policymakers, development agencies, and future researchers interested in sustainable rural development in Kenya and similar contexts across sub-Saharan Africa.
THE IMPACT OF DROUGHT ON FOOD SECURITY IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID REGIONS IN KENYA; A CASE OF ISIOLO
(Management University of Africa, 2025-06) YASMIN MOHAMEDNOOR MAALIM
Kenya's Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs), such as Isiolo County, are increasingly vulnerable to recurrent droughts that have serious implications on agricultural production, water resources
decline, and food insecurity intensifies. This study assesses the effects of drought on food security in Isiolo County using the four pillars of food security: availability, access, utilization, and
stability. The objectives were to: examine the impact of drought severity and duration on food supply, evaluate the impact of drought frequency on food access at the household level, examine
the relationship between food and water availability and establish the effect of soil moisture depletion on food supply stability. The study was founded on the Entitlement and Sustainable
Livelihoods Framework that highlights the multidimensional of the impacts of drought on food security. A mixed-methods design combining quantitative and qualitative data was used in a
descriptive research design. Stratified random sampling was used to select 300 respondents from poor rural households, pastoralists, and small-scale farmers. Data was collected using structured household surveys, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS and Excel, while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Empirical observations showed a strong increase in the frequency and severity of drought over the past decade. Droughts that previously occurred every two or three years now occur yearly in some areas, resulting in increased water shortages, livestock mortality, and decreased agricultural production. Approximately 60% of the households had lost livestock heavily, while over 55% had suffered from food insecurity, of which 30% were unable to meet basic nutritional needs. Coping strategies such as migration and reliance on external relief were common but not sufficient for long-term resilience. The study emphasizes the need for longitudinal research to monitor the socioeconomic and environmental effects of drought over time, which can inform evidence-based policy development. Some of the key policy recommendations include improving water resource management, promoting sustainable agriculture, and developing comprehensive drought resilience policies. Moreover, the study proposes the implementation of training for farmers and pastoralists on drought-resistant farming techniques and the introduction of climate change and drought resilience courses in school syllabuses. This would equip the communities to face any future drought. The study requires a multi-stakeholder, collaborative approach uniting local communities, government ministries, NGOs, and universities to create sustainable, context specific interventions for long-term food security and resilience in Isiolo County.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EMPLOYEE RELATIONS POLICIES IN AGRICULTURAL FIRMS. A CASE STUDY OF AMIRAN KENYA LTD.
(Management University of Africa, 2024-06) ESTHER WAHITO KARIUKI
This study's objective was to look into the variables influencing the application of employee relations policies. The particular goals were to ascertain the impact of leadership and communication on the execution of employee relations policies at Amiran Kenya Ltd. and to identify the effect of communication on employee relations policies. To figure out how training affects the way employee relations policies are implemented, how organizational culture affects how employee relations policies are implemented, and how government law affects how employee relations policies are implemented. The organization's management and other investors gain from the study. The study was constrained by respondents' uncooperativeness and confidentiality. The study's focus was centered in Amiran, Kenya. The descriptive research design was utilized in this investigation. There were 290 responders in the target population. 48 respondents were chosen for the sample size by the researcher using a straightforward stratified random sampling technique. Data was gathered by questionnaires, examined with statistical software, and then shown with tables and pie charts. The results were summarized as follows: 87% of respondents said they were in favor of communication, 74% said they were in favor of leadership, 82% said they were in favor of training, 95% said they were in favor of government policy, and 80% said they were in favor of culture. This demonstrated how important the factors are in determining how employee relations rules are implemented. Management of the firm should make sure that there is effective communication with the important players so that they have the knowledge required for the procedure for implementation. The managers of the organization should make sure they have the most effective leadership style. In order to improve employee performance, employee training have to be taken into account. The management of the organization should use every effort to guarantee that it complies with government regulations and obeys its orders. It is imperative for management to possess an awareness of the current corporate culture and to ensure that implementations align with this framework.
FACTORS INFLUENCING SUCCESSFUL NEGOTIATIONS IN THE PROCUREMENT PROCESS. A CASE STUDY OF THE KENYA RED CROSS SOCIETY
(Management University of Africa, 2024-01) ABDULMALIK IBRAHIM SHEIKH
This study looks into the complicated parts of negotiating purchases at the Kenya Red Cross Society (KRCS). The study aims to investigate the factors that influence effective negotiations in the procurement process. This operation uses a mix of qualitative as well as quantitative methods, such as case studies, surveys, and data analysis, to find out about important factors in an efficient way. The study will involve approximately 30 participants from different levels of the procurement hierarchy within the Kenya Red Cross Society. Some of these factors are supplier relationship management, negotiation strategies, ethical concerns and a dedication to sustainability. The discoveries of this study revealed important information about how humanitarian organizations negotiate acquisitions, which can be used to improve their buying strategies. Recommendations majorly include ethical training programmes and continuous improvement plans. Organizations like the KRCS could enhance their procurement methods, improve their relationships with suppliers, and carry out their goal more effectively and efficiently by acknowledging and employing these factors.
THE FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES. A CASE STUDY OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES WITHIN DAGORETTI NORTH SUBCOUNTY, NAIROBI COUNTY.
(Management University of Africa, 2025-08) DAVID OCHIENG ADEDE
This study investigated the key determinants influencing the development and adoption of ecommerce among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) within Dagoretti North Sub-County,
Nairobi, Kenya. Although digital commerce continues to reshape modern business landscapes, SMEs in this region encounter a variety of persistent challenges that limit their effective
engagement with the digital economy. The research was guided by four core objectives: to examine technological factors, financial constraints, market and customer-related dynamics,
and legal and regulatory conditions that affect the uptake and growth of e-commerce. The study was grounded in two theoretical frameworks Technological Determinism Theory, which
emphasizes the role of technology in shaping societal change, and Protection Motivation Theory, which explains how perceived threats and coping mechanisms influence behavioral
responses toward technology adoption. A descriptive research design was adopted to systematically capture the current status of e-commerce adoption among SMEs. Data was collected using structured questionnaires distributed to owners and managers of SMEs. A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure representation across different business categories from a target population of 67 registered SMEs in the sub-county. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, specifically frequencies and percentages, to summarize and present the findings. The results revealed that technological enablers such as access to affordable digital tools, reliable internet connectivity, and employees’ digital competencies significantly support e-commerce engagement. However, technological challenges including cybersecurity threats and inadequate technical support were found to hinder progress. On the financial front, lack of access to SME-specific funding options and the high costs associated with adopting secure online payment platforms were major obstacles. Market-related factors such as evolving customer preferences, the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies, and competitive positioning were shown to have a direct influence on ecommerce performance. In the legal and regulatory context, many SMEs expressed difficulty in complying with complex regulations, despite acknowledging the importance of consumer protection, data privacy, and legal trust-building mechanisms in digital business environments. The study concludes that a multifaceted interplay of technological, financial, mart, and legal factors either accelerates or restricts the successful adoption of e-commerce among SMEs in the study area. Based on these findings, it recommends several interventions: improved digital infrastructure, the introduction of SME-friendly financing models, expanded regulatory education programs, and comprehensive capacity-building initiatives to strengthen digital skills among SME stakeholders.
ASSESSING TEACHER EXPECTATIONS ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN KENYA . A CASE STUDY IN SELECTED PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOOL IN KAJIADO COUNTY
(Management University of Africa, 2025-06) ODHIAMBO ISAAC OCHIENG
This study sought to assess teacher expectations on students’ achievement in Kajiado County, focusing on selected public secondary schools. ‘‘The purpose was to explore how teacher
expectations, academic expectations, and growth mindset collectively influence students’ academic achievement’’. The study was anchored on Rosenthal and Jacobson’s Pygmalion Effect
Theory, complemented by Dweck’s Mindset Theory and Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. The research objectives were to examine the effect of teacher expectations on students’ achievement; to analyze how academic expectations shape student performance; and to evaluate the role of a growth mindset in enhancing achievement. The study targeted a population
of 2,000 participants consisting of 1,600 students, 350 teachers, and 50 school administrators, with a sample size of 266 students, 60 teachers, and 7 administrators. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. Data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed among the sampled groups. The data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages and presented in tables and charts for clarity. ‘‘Findings revealed that teacher expectations significantly influence students’ motivation and performance; academic expectations set by teachers and institutions enhance students’ commitment to academic work; and promoting a growth mindset among students contributes to improved academic outcomes’’. The study concluded that positive teacher expectations combined with supportive academic environments and deliberate cultivation of a growth mindset are critical in boosting student achievement. It recommended professional development programs for teachers to raise awareness of expectation effects, fostering growth mindset practices in classrooms, and strengthening academic support systems within schools in Kajiado County.