Browsing by Author "Mr. Tom Kawino"

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    BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE OF SMART CONTRACTS IN PROCUREMENT OPERATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES AUTHORITY IN KENYA
    (management university of africa, 2025-11) Jemutai Komen; Mr. Tom Kawino
    Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative innovation with diverse global applications beyond decentralized monetary transactions, extending into finance, governance, healthcare, and supply chain management. Despite its potential, the adoption of blockchain-based smart contracts continues to face challenges, including regulatory uncertainty, security vulnerabilities, and integration difficulties within established business models. This study examined the effect of blockchain technology on the performance of smart contracts in procurement operations at the Export Processing Zones Authority (EPZA) in Kenya, focusing on corporate transparency and decentralization. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Transaction Cost Theory (TCT), the Resource-Based View (RBV), and the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) Theory, the research utilized structured digital questionnaires administered via Google Forms to a target population of 210 officers, including procurement, IT, finance, and compliance staff across EPZA’s Athi River, Mombasa, and Kisumu branches. Multiple regression analysis using SPSS v28 was conducted to determine the relationship between blockchain technology and smart contract performance. The findings revealed that decentralization positively influences procurement performance by reducing dependence on intermediaries and minimizing manipulation in contract approvals. The results further support the view that blockchain-driven smart contracts enhance procurement efficiency, lower operational costs, and improve process integrity. However, the study also identified persistent challenges such as limited technical expertise, inadequate digital infrastructure, and weak legal frameworks that hinder full-scale adoption across African contexts. It concludes that blockchain technology possesses significant transformative potential for procurement operations through enhanced automation, security, and transparency and recommends that policymakers, practitioners, and scholars collaborate to strengthen regulatory frameworks, build institutional capacity, and invest in digital infrastructure to unlock the full benefits of blockchain-based smart contracts in procurement and other sectors.
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    EFFECT OF STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION ON SUSTAINABILITY OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECTS IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA
    (management university of africa, 2025-11) Christine Jepkoech; Mr. Tom Kawino
    The sustainability of solid waste management projects remains a major challenge in many developing countries despite substantial investments in infrastructure and technology. This study examined the effect of stakeholder participation on the sustainability of solid waste management projects in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study was guided by Stakeholder Theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population consisted of 250 different individuals actively involved or affected by SWMPs in the county. A sample size of 152 respondents was achieved using the Yamane formula. Participants were sampled using stratified sampling. The information was collected using questionnaires, and a pilot study was carried out in Nakuru City to determine the validity and reliability of research instruments. The data was subsequently coded and placed into a computer where the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 25) was used to analyze them. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics was based on frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics were correlation and regression analysis. Analyzed data was presented in form of tables. The results revealed that stakeholder participation has a positive and significant effect on sustainability of Solid Waste Management Projects in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya (β1=0.207, p=0.004). The study concluded that Stakeholder participation is crucial for sustainability of Solid Waste Management (SWM) projects in Uasin Gishu County. It recommends that county governments institutionalize stakeholder participation frameworks that promote regular consultation, transparency, and community engagement in waste management initiatives. The study contributes to policy and practice by providing empirical evidence that stakeholder participation is a critical determinant of sustainability in public environmental projects and underscores the importance of inclusive governance for effective solid waste management in Kenya.