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Item THE INFLUENCEOFBUDGETING,STRATEGICPLANNINGANDINTERNAL CONTROLONTHEPERFORMANCEOFMANUFACTURINGCOMPANIES IN KENYA.ACASESTUDYOFTHECOCA-COLACOMPANYKENYA(Management University of Africa, 2021-08) PURITY YVONNEMUREMBEThis study was conducted to investigate the influence of budgeting, strategic planning and internal control on the performance of manufacturing companies in Kenya, a case study of the Coca-Cola Company Kenya. The study variables were budgeting, strategic planning and internal control on how they affect the performance of the manufacturing company which is the Coca Cola Company. In chapter one the study explained some perspectives of manufacturing companies. The study further established the statement of the problem, the research objectives of the study which was budget, strategic planning and internal control on the performance of manufacturing company the case study being in Coca-Cola Company, Nairobi, Kenya. The research questions used to gather data from the respondents, the significance of the study, the scope of the research, and the chapter summary. In chapter two, the study used Agency Theory, The Balance score card theory and control theory. Empirical review on budgeting and performance, strategic planning and performance and also internal control and performance was provided, summary and research gaps, the conceptual framework, operationalization of variables and the chapter summary thereof. In chapter three, details of the research methodology are explained; study adopted a descriptive case study research design. The study population was 234 employees in departments of Coca-Cola Company limited that are associated with performance of the manufacturing company. The study employed a stratified sampling method where a sample was determined for data collection. A questionnaire was distributed to the target population. Quantitative data collected was analyzed by descriptive statistics and presented through tables; charts with the aid of Microsoft excel software. Qualitative data from open ended questions were analyzed by organizing the data into subtopics or themes as per the research objectives and description given in prose form. Ethical consideration in the study is explained and the chapter summary thereof. In chapter four the findings from the data collected was analyzed by descriptive statistics, and then presented through tables, bar charts with the aid of Microsoft excel software. A regression model was used to show the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study limitations and summary of the chapter was highlighted. In chapter five. The study variables had perfect significance on the performance of manufacturing company. The study concluded that all the variables were significant in the study undertaken.Item AN EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF PERSONAL SELLING ON INSURANCE PRODUCTS SALES: A CASE STUDY OF SALES MADE AT SANLAM LIFE INSURANCE LIMITED NAKURU KENYA(Management University of Africa, 2021-08) JAMES MURIUKI NDUNIThe main objective of the study is to evaluate the effects of personal selling on insurance product sales at Sanlam Life Insurance Limited Nakuru Kenya. The study specifically sought to determine the influence of the effect of personal selling on insurance product up take, effect of personal selling on insurance negotiation process, effects of face-to-face mode of selling on the quality of business procured and the effects of personal selling on sales process Sanlam Life Insurance Limited, Nakuru Kenya. The hierarchy of effects theory, right set of situation theory, and AIDAS Theory was used to guide the research. The study used a descriptive research design and targeted 450 Sanlam Insurance Company clients. A sample size of 10% of the target population (450) was used in the study, resulting in a total of 45 consumers. As a result, the study's sample size was 45 people. A census sample technique was used in the investigation. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data. The data was analyzed, and displayed in tables. From the findings, it was determined that no personal selling methods are in use. In addition, the salesperson meets the consumer requirement outlined in the script to a large extent. Instead of selling things separately or insignificantly, the company sells them as a package. furthermore, salespeople only loosely link product or service qualities to consumer benefits. Finally, salespeople should concentrate on recognizing and serving their customers' needs and desires to the greatest extent possible. The researcher went on to say that the firm is particularly good at negotiating high ambition sites. In addition, the company determines its competitors BTNA less efficiently. Sanlam effectively distributes information regarding priorities and preferences through negotiations. Negotiations at the company aids in the creation of very effective package deals. Finally, competitive negotiations are employed when negotiators require immediate outcomes. It was determined that the company uses defaces for face-to-face selling. Face-to-face selling is a successful method to employ. The effectiveness of face-to-face selling is also very strong. The salesperson was able to persuade the consumer by using an additional face-to-face technique of selling. According to the findings, personal selling has an impact on sales. The firm's financial performance has not improved as a result of personal selling. Furthermore, personal selling has not resulted in an increase in the firm's sales volume. Personal selling with a higher profit margin is a good idea. Finally, personal selling has resulted in speedier product and service movement. The study advised all insurance companies in Kenya to implement several personal selling tactics in order for them to increase and diversify their portfolios, avoid losses, and reduce costs, so increasing their competitiveness. Based on the findings, the researcher recommended that all insurance firms in Kenya implement various personal selling tactics to enable them to develop and diversify their portfolios, avoid losses, and reduce costs, so increasing their competitiveness. Furthermore, the study suggested that systems selling tactics be implemented to improve operational efficiency and the decision-making process in order to improve performance. They should engage in compromise agreements on mutually sufficient solutions, reason, and justice, which will lead to successful product sales. Also, in order to persuade customers, insurance companies should adopt and invest more in face-to-face selling. According to the survey, firms should work on increasing salesperson awareness in order to increase personal selling of insurance products. Future research should be conducted to determine the effects of technology on personal selling, according to the researchers. The researcher also suggests that such a study be carried out in other areas and businesses.Item FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF INSURANCE PRODUCTS IN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTREPRISES (SMES) IN KENYA. A CASE STUDY OF LEATHER INDUSTRIES OF KENYA(Management University of Africa, 2024-08) KISOI KEVIN MUSYOKASmall and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) significantly benefit from insurance coverage, particularly through protection and risk transfer. However, a substantial gap exists in understanding the factors that influence the adoption and growth of insurance products within this sector. Despite the evident advantages, the growth of insurance among SMEs remains relatively low compared to larger corporations. This raises concerns about the factors shaping SMEs' decisions regarding insurance coverage. This study specifically focused on Kenya's leather enterprises, aiming to recognize and evaluate the factors influencing the growth of insurance in SMEs. The study's objectives were to examine the impact of risk management, the nature of products, information and communication technology (ICT), and reputation on insurance growth. Using a descriptive research design, the study targeted 400 management-level employees at the Leather Industries of Kenya. Stratified random sampling selected 40 respondents, and data were collected via structured questionnaires. The findings revealed that 41% of respondents believe risk management affects insurance product growth to a great extent, while 28% see a moderate impact. This suggests that risk management is a critical factor in driving insurance growth. In terms of product nature, 87% of respondents agreed that it affects growth, with 44% believing it has a great extent of impact. Regarding Information and Communication Technology (ICT), 90% of respondents felt it positively impacts insurance growth, with 33% perceiving a great extent of influence. However, 17% believed ICT has no effect, reflecting varying levels of adoption and integration. Finally, reputation was seen as a crucial determinant of insurance growth, with 83% of respondents acknowledging its significance. Among them, 41% believed reputation affects growth to a great extent. In conclusion, risk management, the nature of insurance products, ICT, and reputation are key factors influencing insurance growth in SMEs. To enhance insurance penetration, companies should focus on robust risk management, product development, improving ICT infrastructure, and actively managing their reputation. Future research should investigate the role of digital platforms in building trust and compare traditional and new insurance models.Item EFFECTS OF STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON THE FIRM PERFOMANCE. A CASE STUDY OF KENYA REVENUE AUTHORITY(Management University of Africa, 2021-09) EZRA MAINAThe human resources of an association can be a wellspring of upper hand, given that the arrangements for overseeing individuals are coordinated with key business arrangements and authoritative culture. The primary goal of this research is to investigate the impact of strategic human resource management methods on business performance. The specific aims of the study are; to find the influence of training and development practices on firm performance, to identify the influence of compensation practices on firm performance, to find the impact of employee relations on firm performance, and to identify the influence of recruitment practices on firm performance. The study employed both descriptive survey and naturalistic designs and the target population were employees of Kenya's revenue authority. Stratified, simple random and snowball sampling techniques were utilized to choose respondents for the study. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative and qualitative techniques. The quantitative information was analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics including frequencies and rates to sum up information and it was introduced utilizing recurrence appropriation tables, pie outlines and reference charts. In the meantime, subjective information was coordinated into topics and dissected, utilizing accounts and direct citations of the respondents' perspectives, encounters, and data. According to 73 percent of respondents, using a supplier selection strategy in an organization helps to improve organizational performance. Training and development on performance helps to reduce operation expenses for successful organizational performance, according to 60 percent. According to 61 percent of respondents, compensation based on performance provides a competitive edge to the organization's performance. According to the findings, 58 percent of respondents believed that employee performance should be tied to procurement policy procedures, allowing for fair and open competition. In terms of recruitment practice, the study found that using recruitment practice in an organization can help it perform better. Effective recruitment procedures aid human resource management in organizations to a large extent, according to the conclusion. In the case of e-procurement, the conclusion was that performance training and development aids in the reduction of operating costs for optimal organizational performance. It was also discovered that training and development greatly aids in the reduction of ordering time and follow-up in human resources.Item FACTORS AFFECTING GROWTH OF LIFE INSURANCE FIRMS IN KENYA. CASE STUDY OF BRITAM LIFE INSURANCE(Management University of Africa, 2021-06) WESLEY NYABUTOThere is a need for a study that analyzes and assesses the likely contribution to this lackluster trend. As of 2018, there are 14 life insurance insurance firms in Kenya including Seven composite insurance firms (providing combined term and general assurance). In Kenya, only Britam Life recognized and authorized life insurance providers were examined. Each of the life insurance companies were able to identify 54 salespeople through qualitative research. The scientist handed out a standardized interview question to the participants, who were instructed to fill it out. In order to show the results, tables and graphs were utilized to assess the answers using descriptive and inferential statistical approaches. On professional sales, the study concluded that research and development leads to increase in life insurance. The conclusion determined that that innovation assists in increased penetration of life insurance to a great extent. On sales promotion, the conclusion was that extra packages affect the sales volume of an organization. It was also concluded that voluntary training leads to increased awareness of life insurance at a great extent. On affordability, the study noted that affordability influences the increased life insurance covers. Also, the conclusion was that affordability leads to improved sales output. On government regulation, the conclusion agreed that enacted laws influence the setting up of life insurance to a large extent. The conclusion also noted that that regulatory framework increases the performance of life insurance firms. It is possible to make some recommendations based on this research: In order to ensure that the services provided too medical insurance customers by the salespeople are valuable and delivered in the best possible manner, the Association of Kenya Insurers (AKI) must educate its delegates on how to get the highest suitable mentoring. In order to maximize value for its customers, the life insurers should ensure adequate personal selling and billing. It is important that the insurers work really hard as well as competitively to guarantee that their services are widely used and to educate the public about the benefits of their life insurance solutions. When it comes to growing their business, life insurers use micro insurance as one of their methods of doing so. If the Insurance Regulatory Authority (IRA) wants to achieve maximum growth, it should devise a set of mechanisms for monitoring the life insurance industry. Effective oversight of the business would guarantee a competitive market and eliminate ethically questionable practices and methods.Item EFFECT OF REINSURANCE ON FINANCIAL STABILITY OF INSURANCE COMPANIES. A CASE OF GA INSURANCE LIMITED.(MUA, 2026-04) BRENDA CHEMOGOSE JUMAThis study examined the effect of reinsurance on the financial stability of insurance companies, focusing on GA Insurance Company Limited. The study was guided by four objectives: to investigate the impact of reinsurance diversification, assess the influence of the reinsurance utilization ratio, evaluate the effect of reinsurance recoverables, and examine how the frequency of reinsurance use affects financial stability. A descriptive research design was adopted, targeting 200 employees from executive, mid-level, and junior management, from which a sample of 100 respondents was selected using stratified random sampling. Out of these, 40 valid responses were obtained, representing an 80% response rate. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires containing both open-ended and closed-ended questions and analyzed using SPSS through descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, with findings presented in tables and charts. The results revealed that reinsurance significantly enhances financial stability, with 95% of respondents indicating that it improves risk management and solvency. Reinsurance diversification reduced exposure to major losses and improved risk distribution, although its effectiveness depended on geographic and economic factors. The reinsurance utilization ratio enhanced underwriting capacity and supported optimal risk retention, while reinsurance recoverables improved liquidity and showed minimal default risk despite possible concentration risks among a few reinsurers. Frequent use of reinsurance also stabilized underwriting performance and strengthened financial resilience. The study concludes that an integrated reinsurance strategy involving diversification, optimal utilization, effective management of recoverables, and consistent application is essential for improving financial stability.Item FACTORS INFLUENCING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EMPLOYEE RELATIONS POLICIES IN AGRICULTURAL FIRMS. A CASE STUDY OF AMIRAN KENYA LTD.(Management University of Africa, 2024-06) ESTHER WAHITO KARIUKIThis study's objective was to look into the variables influencing the application of employee relations policies. The particular goals were to ascertain the impact of leadership and communication on the execution of employee relations policies at Amiran Kenya Ltd. and to identify the effect of communication on employee relations policies. To figure out how training affects the way employee relations policies are implemented, how organizational culture affects how employee relations policies are implemented, and how government law affects how employee relations policies are implemented. The organization's management and other investors gain from the study. The study was constrained by respondents' uncooperativeness and confidentiality. The study's focus was centered in Amiran, Kenya. The descriptive research design was utilized in this investigation. There were 290 responders in the target population. 48 respondents were chosen for the sample size by the researcher using a straightforward stratified random sampling technique. Data was gathered by questionnaires, examined with statistical software, and then shown with tables and pie charts. The results were summarized as follows: 87% of respondents said they were in favor of communication, 74% said they were in favor of leadership, 82% said they were in favor of training, 95% said they were in favor of government policy, and 80% said they were in favor of culture. This demonstrated how important the factors are in determining how employee relations rules are implemented. Management of the firm should make sure that there is effective communication with the important players so that they have the knowledge required for the procedure for implementation. The managers of the organization should make sure they have the most effective leadership style. In order to improve employee performance, employee training have to be taken into account. The management of the organization should use every effort to guarantee that it complies with government regulations and obeys its orders. It is imperative for management to possess an awareness of the current corporate culture and to ensure that implementations align with this framework.Item THE FACTORS AFFECTING DEVELOPMENT OF E-COMMERCE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES. A CASE STUDY OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES WITHIN DAGORETTI NORTH SUBCOUNTY, NAIROBI COUNTY.(Management University of Africa, 2025-08) DAVID OCHIENG ADEDEThis study investigated the key determinants influencing the development and adoption of ecommerce among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) within Dagoretti North Sub-County, Nairobi, Kenya. Although digital commerce continues to reshape modern business landscapes, SMEs in this region encounter a variety of persistent challenges that limit their effective engagement with the digital economy. The research was guided by four core objectives: to examine technological factors, financial constraints, market and customer-related dynamics, and legal and regulatory conditions that affect the uptake and growth of e-commerce. The study was grounded in two theoretical frameworks Technological Determinism Theory, which emphasizes the role of technology in shaping societal change, and Protection Motivation Theory, which explains how perceived threats and coping mechanisms influence behavioral responses toward technology adoption. A descriptive research design was adopted to systematically capture the current status of e-commerce adoption among SMEs. Data was collected using structured questionnaires distributed to owners and managers of SMEs. A stratified random sampling technique was used to ensure representation across different business categories from a target population of 67 registered SMEs in the sub-county. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, specifically frequencies and percentages, to summarize and present the findings. The results revealed that technological enablers such as access to affordable digital tools, reliable internet connectivity, and employees’ digital competencies significantly support e-commerce engagement. However, technological challenges including cybersecurity threats and inadequate technical support were found to hinder progress. On the financial front, lack of access to SME-specific funding options and the high costs associated with adopting secure online payment platforms were major obstacles. Market-related factors such as evolving customer preferences, the effectiveness of digital marketing strategies, and competitive positioning were shown to have a direct influence on ecommerce performance. In the legal and regulatory context, many SMEs expressed difficulty in complying with complex regulations, despite acknowledging the importance of consumer protection, data privacy, and legal trust-building mechanisms in digital business environments. The study concludes that a multifaceted interplay of technological, financial, mart, and legal factors either accelerates or restricts the successful adoption of e-commerce among SMEs in the study area. Based on these findings, it recommends several interventions: improved digital infrastructure, the introduction of SME-friendly financing models, expanded regulatory education programs, and comprehensive capacity-building initiatives to strengthen digital skills among SME stakeholders.Item TECHNOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE OF BANKING SERVICES. A CASE STUDY OF I AND M BANK GIKOMBA BRANC(management university of africa, 2025-01) SHEIKHA ABDALLAH MOHAMMED