FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PREVALENCE OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY AMONG (15-19YEARS) IN NYANDO SUB COUNTY, KISUMU COUNTY, KENYA

Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa has one of the highest levels of teenage pregnancies in the world. In spite of that, there is paucity of research on causes of teenage pregnancies in African countries. Teenage pregnancies and the eventual dropping out of school have been and still is a major problem bedeviling the education sector in many parts of developing countries. This study investigates the influence of cultural factors, economic factors, peer group pressure and social media on teenage pregnancies among adolescent and young mothers seeking maternal and child health services in public hospital in Nyondo Sub County. The study was hinged on two theories; Ronnenbergs Ecological Development theory and Albert Banduras Social Learning Theory. The study employed descriptive survey research design. Target population were; Adolescent and Young mothers 1439, Clinicians 190 and MOH officers 10. The sample size was of 303 (n=303) from adolescent and young mothers and 57 (n=57) clinicians from 2 sub-counties public hospital and 1 public health center and 10 MOH officers that were selected to participate in the study. Stratified sampling and random sampling were used to pick the respondents. Questionnaires were used to collect data from Clinicians and the adolescent and young mothers while an interview guide was used to collect data from MOH officers at the Sub County head office. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using SPSS version 21.0. The findings reveal that cultural beliefs strongly support early childbearing responsibilities for young women, with 80% of respondents in agreement. Extended family pressures enforcing traditional expectations on childbearing was noted by 70% of participants. Lack of educational access due to financial constraints was highlighted by 17% of respondents, while 30% felt that families struggle to provide reproductive health education. The perception of a direct link between economics and sexual risk behaviors was evident, with 47% affirming that unstable economic conditions foster risky sexual behaviors. The role of electronic media in sexual health awareness yielded mixed responses. While only 23% viewed the internet and social media as sources of helpful information about sexual health, 50% believed it glamorizes teenage pregnancy. Despite some positive perceptions, such as 90% acknowledging the potential of electronic media in disseminating sexual health information, concerns about glamorization persist.