MASTERS THESIS AND PHD DISSERTATIONS

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ANTECEDENTS OF ETHICAL ISSUES IN POLICE RECRUITMENT IN KENYA: A CASE OF THE EMBAKASI POLICE TRAINING INSTITUTE
(management university of africa, 2024-09) JULIET O. NYANGÁI
The ethical issues surrounding police hiring in Kenya have raised concerns, primarily in regard to openness, equity, and following of the set hiring protocols. The integrity of the recruiting process has been weakened by a number of complaints directed against the Kenya Police Service, including claims of partiality, corruption, and a lack of accountability. These moral dilemmas impact public confidence in law enforcement agencies in addition to making it more difficult to choose competent applicants in a fair and reasonable manner. Although recruiting and selection procedures, procedural guidelines, and a legislative framework aimed at maintaining ethical standards are in place, it is still unclear how successful these systems are. Using the Embakasi Training Institute as a case study, this paper examines the causes of ethical problems in police recruitment. The specific objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects of the indirect procedural guidelines on ethical issues in police recruitment in Kenya, to determine the effect of recruitment and selection policies on ethical issues in police recruitment in Kenya, to investigate the effect of recruitment strategies on ethical issues in police recruitment in Kenya and to examine the effect of the legal framework on ethical issues in recruitment at the Kenya police service. The study was based on three theories, which are the Attribution Theory Institutional theory and Implicit Personality theory. This study was anchored on Institutional theory as the key theory because of its emphasis on the deeper and more resilient aspects of social structure. The researcher used descriptive research design. The study's target population was 200 police officers and staff involved in the recruitment process at Embakasi Police Training institute. The sample size was 100 staff of Embakasi Police Training. Data was collected using structured questionnaires which were distributed to the sampled respondents at Embakasi Police Training institute. The questionnaires were collected within one month. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with help of SPSS. The findings were then presented using tables and charts. From the analysis of the filled questionnaires, it was found that there is adherence to recruitment policy and code of ethics during recruitment at the Kenya Police Service as such indirect procedural guidelines influence ethical police recruitment at the Kenya Police force in Embakasi. The study also found that recruitment strategies put in place by the Kenya Police force affect the ethical police recruitment in Kenya. The study then concluded that indirect procedural guidelines, recruitment and selection policies, recruitment strategies and legal framework all significantly affect ethical recruitment at the Embakasi Police Training Institute. From the study it is recommended that recruiting agencies should put in place procedural guidelines, recruitment and selection policies and strategies to enhance ethics in recruitment. The findings of this study will be beneficial to policy makers, academicians and researchers. The findings will also be of benefit to the recruitment practice in public and private organizations. The findings will inform policymakers on the need for policy changes and implementation of ethical recruitment practices in the police service.
ASSESMENT OF DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON DISASTER RESILIENCE OF KENYAN COUNTIES: A CASE OF BARINGO COUNTY
(management university of africa, 2024-10) ABDUSHAKUR KHATIB LENDAPANA
Despite all the disaster risk management measures that are in place, disasters have continued to rock Baringo County. This research aimed at assessing effect of disaster risk management systems on disaster risk resilience of Kenyan counties, using Baringo County as case. Specifically, the study aimed at; to determine the effects of disaster risk awareness on disaster risk resilience in Baringo County, to examine the effects of disaster risk governance on disaster risk resilience in Baringo County, to assess the effects of risk reduction measures on disaster risk resilience in Baringo County and to examine the effect of disaster preparedness measures on disaster risk resilience in Baringo County. System Theory, Institutional Theory and Stakeholder Theory was used as the theoretical framework underpinning the study and employed a cross-sectional case study method. A total of 405 officers were targeted who work in sectors with responsibility in disaster risk management within Baringo County comprising of Directorate of DRM, department of Agriculture and Livestock, Water, Health and Nutrition, Fire, Security and peace building and NGOs/Development partners implementing Disaster Risk Reduction initiatives at the county level. A stratified random sampling was used to get the research subjects. Data collection was done using structured questionnaire. The quantitative data collected was analyzed quantitatively by use of descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of SPSS software version 27. A multiple regression model was applied to demonstrate the association between the independent variables and the dependent variable of disaster risk resilience, and the results was presented in tables, charts and bars. Overall, the study findings showed that there exists a strong positive relation between the independent and the dependent variables as shown by R = 0.799 and R2 = 0.638 this means that 64% of variation in disaster risk resilience is explained by changes in all the independent variables. The level of significance was <0.000 thus the overall regression model significantly predicted the dependent variables. the findings also showed that disaster preparedness measures were the predictor that most effects disaster risk resilience in Baringo County with Unstandardized coefficient (β) value of .479 followed by disaster risk reduction measure with β of .205. Disaster risk awareness was the least significant determinant of disaster risk resilience in Baringo County with Unstandardized coefficient β of .047. This study recommends that Baringo County government and its partners need to continue strengthening investment in all four independent variables as evident has shown they play complimentary role in addressing disaster risk resilience.
AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN KENYA: A CASE OF THE NATIONAL TREASURY
(management university of africa, 2024-10) ANDREW MURIUNGI RINGERA
The ability to delegate effectively, articulate a vision that inspires positive change, and cultivate employee confidence are critical characteristics of an effective leader. This study aimed to investigate authentic leadership and organizational performance within Kenya's public sector, focusing on the National Treasury as a case study. The operations of the National Treasury are becoming increasingly intricate, leading to a growing ambiguity in distinguishing acceptable practices from unacceptable ones. Tools such as the authentic leadership inventory and the authentic leadership questionnaire can be employed to evaluate authentic leadership, enabling followers to assess their leaders' perspectives and authenticity. The theoretical framework for this research included goal-setting theory, adaptive leadership theory, and authentic leadership theory as the anchor theory. A descriptive research design was adopted for this research work, targeting a population of 300 employees, from which a random sample of 171 was selected. Questionnaires were adopted as the primary tool for data collection. A pilot study was conducted with ten randomly chosen employees from the target population, who were not included in the final analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS Version 27. Before drawing broad conclusions, the uncoded raw data collected from the field were examined, and results were presented in tabular form. The relationships between variables were illustrated using inferential statistics. The study found that relational transparency significantly influences organizational performance, concluding that it is a key predictor of performance. Additionally, the results indicated that internalized morals significantly affect organizational performance, with a notable influence on the performance of the National Treasury at a rate of 0.645. Furthermore, the research findings indicate that self-awareness is crucial in enhancing organizational performance, with a notable correlation of 0.588. Additionally, the study highlights that balanced processing significantly influences organizational performance, demonstrating a positive effect on the National Treasury's performance at a rate of 0.609 for each unit change in balanced processing. Various organizational factors, such as relational transparency, internalized morals, self-awareness, and balanced processing, were found to impact the performance of the National Treasury significantly. The analysis reveals that internalized morals emerged as the most influential predictor of performance, followed by balanced processing, self-awareness, and relational transparency, which had the least impact on authentic leadership. The research study offers several recommendations for enhancing the performance of the National Treasury and similar organizations. To leverage the benefits of relational transparency, managers at the National Treasury need to maintain consistency in their objectives, motivations, and values, while also being open in their communications with staff. This approach will foster trust and intimacy through self-disclosure, ultimately enhancing teamwork and collaboration, which will lead to improved performance. Furthermore, the National Treasury should prioritize self-awareness as a key element of effective leadership. Management should actively encourage self-awareness to cultivate strong, positive relationships between leaders and employees. To facilitate the development of self-awareness behaviors, the National Treasury's executives must create a supportive organizational environment. Additionally, the organization should promote balanced processing behaviors and take into account all relevant components, including personal information, subjective experiences, and externally sourced data. Given the study's findings, recommendations for improvement, and five-year follow-up, the National Treasury must conduct a study on authentic leadership and organizational performance. The goal of the study should be to validate the existing study's findings and offer further insights into them.
BOARD OF DIRECTOR ORIENTATION AND PERFORMANCE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA : A SURVEY OF SELECTED STATE CORPORATIONS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR.
(management university of africa, 2024-11) BENSON EMUGET
This study focused on the Board of director orientation on performance of state corporations in Kenya : A Survey of Selected State Corporations in the Energy sector. The objective of the study was to find out how board composition, board independence, board training and leadership style affect performance of board of directors in Kenya’s state corporation. The scope of the study for the research project was selected state corporations in Kenya and they included: Kenya Power and Lighting Company, Kenya Pipeline Company, Kenya Electricity Generating Company, National Oil Corporation of Kenya and Kenya Civil Aviation Authority. The study was anchored on the Agency theory supported by Transactional Cost theory and Upper Echelon theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The unit of analysis was selected state corporations while the unit of observation was board of directors in the mentioned state corporations. The target population for the study was 62 board of directors drawn from state corporations in Kenya and censors’ method was adopted. The key research instrument to be used; a 5-point-likert scale questionnaire which was used to collect primary data. The questionnaire was administered through drop and pick method. The process of data analysis involved data clean up and explanation. Responses in the questionnaires were tabulated, coded and processed by use of a computer Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 programmed to analyze quantifiable data using descriptive and inferential statistics which include Frequency, Mean, Correlation analysis and Regression analysis. This study applied a descriptive research design since it analyzed both quantitative and qualitative data at the same time. The target population was directors of selected Kenya’s energy sector parastatals that consisted of: Kenya Pipeline Company Ltd, Kenya Power and Lighting Company Ltd, KenGen Company Ltd, KETRACO, Geothermal Development Company Ltd and National Oil Corporation, where a simple random sampling was adopted to pick the respondents to engage in the study and a sample size of 62 directors were selected. The study utilized the help of self-administered questionnaires to compile primary data where the questionnaires had both open and closed –ended questions and statements. The research findings and results indicated that the questionnaires were both valid and reliable and could be utilized. Ideally, having all other independent variables constant, a unit increase in level of board leadership style would result to an increase in performance of the board of directors in Kenya’s energy sector parastatals significantly. Several avenues for additional research can be identified. For starters, our research was limited to the effects of determinants of the effectiveness of board of directors in the Kenya’s energy sector parastatal. Future studies should however look at the effectiveness of the board of directors from other sectors as well as from both public and private sectors. More research is needed to investigate on other determinants of effectiveness of the board other than board composition, board size, board independence, board training and development and board leadership style. Hence this study recommends further study to include other attributes that might influence the effectiveness of board of directors in the parastatal sectors.
BUSINESS STRATEGIES, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, INNOVATION PROCESSES AND PERFORMANCE OF LARGE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
(2020-11) MUHINDI PATRICK WARUINGE; Prof. Peter Kithae, PhD; Dr. John Cheluget, PhD
CHANGE MANAGEMENT, SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP, FARMER CHARACTERISTICS AND SUGARCANE PRODUCTIVITY IN SUGAR FACTORY CANE CATCHMENT AREAS IN KENYA
(2022-09) WANJALA AGGREY WALIAULA; Prof. Emmanuel Awuor, PhD.; Dr. Michael Ngala, PhD.
COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES AND PERFORMANCE OF PLASTIC PACKAGING INDUSTRIES IN KENYA: A CASE OF COCA-COLA BEVERAGES KENYA PREFORM MANUFACTURING PLANT
(Management University of Africa, 2024-10) MAUREEN MUKAMI IKUNYUA
Plastic packaging industries are critical instrument for job creation, poverty alleviation, and agents for economic development of the country. Its aesthetic qualities, robustness, affordability, and ease As a result, the nation's demand for plastics have increased. However, despite evidence of the risks that plastic waste poses to the Environmental sustainability, water resources, food security, and public health nexus, nearly half of the world's plastic waste comes from packaging materials. According to a number of sources, Kenya produces about 18 million tons of plastic, both unprocessed and processed, whereas the continent of Africa imported 117 million tons. The last three years have seen a six-fold growth in plastic imports and usage in Kenya, which has raised the issue of producing sustainable plastics and managing trash and product packaging. The study sought to explore the competitive strategies and performance of plastic packaging industries. The specific objectives are to assess the influence of cost leadership strategy; differentiation strategy; cost focus strategy and differentiation focus strategy on the performance of plastic packaging industries. This study adopted a descriptive research design with a target population of 100 employees from CCBK-PMP. A sample size of 50 respondents was chosen through stratified random sampling for analysis. Questionnaires were the primary means of gathering data for the research project. A pilot test was conducted before distributing uestionnaires. Descriptive statistics were used in the data analysis. in particular, percentages, means, and averages. SPSS version 24.0 and simple spreadsheet-based tabulations and report presentations were the data analysis tools. Through inferential statistics, the link between the variables was determined. The study determined that the cost-focus strategy had the most impact on CCBK-PMP’s performance. The analysis confirmed that performance was significantly impacted by differentiation focus and differentiation strategies as well. It was noted that the cost leadership strategy had minimal effect on the success of CCBK-PMPs among the competitive strategies. The research advises the management of CCBK-PMP to pursue a cost-focused strategy, which emphasizes gaining an edge over competitors through specializing in a niche market segment by maintaining a lower cost in the niche. By focusing on a particular customer group or geographic area, CCBK-PMP can develop offerings and solutions specifically designed to meet the demands of that niche while keeping costs low. This approach allows the company to outcompete rivals within the targeted market while ensuring efficiency and cost-effectiveness, rather than attempting to maintain the lowest costs across the entire industry. The study further recommends that future research should investigate how adopting sustainable approaches such as incorporating sustainable resources, reducing waste, and enhancing energy efficiency could impact competitive strategies and performance within the plastic packaging industry. This aligns with the observed correlation between cost-focus strategies and performance. Specifically, cost-focus strategy, when combined with sustainable practices, may yield competitive advantages by reducing operating costs and responding to increasing market demands for environmentally responsible practices. Policymakers and industry leaders are encouraged to consider these findings when crafting policies and setting industry standards to foster a more sustainable, cost-effective plastic packaging sector.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN STATE CORPORATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF KENYA BUREAU OF STANDARDS (KEBS)
(Management University of Africa, 2021-10) BEATRICE CHEPKIRUI LUGADIRU
The main objective was to examine the corporate governance practices and employee performance in state corporations, a case study of Kenya Bureau of Standards with specific objectives being; to examine the influence of leadership structure, corporate reporting, board composition and ethical code of conduct on employee performance at Kenya Bureau of Standards. The study findings will be used as a reference by other researchers in the field of leadership and employee performance and will provide a critical examination on corporate governance practices and employee performance in Kenya. The study is guided and anchored on the following theoretical foundations; stakeholder theory, agency theory, and stewardship theory. The study's main anchor theory was stakeholder theory. Descriptive research design was adopted for conducting the study that targets a population of 1000, and a sample size of 100 that was selected using stratified random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires. The pilot study was conducted using 10 employees who were randomly selected from the target population and the quantitative data was analyzed using simple statistics and SPSS. The data was presented using tables and figures. Inferential statistics was used for showing how variables are related (regression and correlations). The study used the Pearson correlation matrix. The study established that leadership structure and employee performance are primarily related, and leadership structures are an important factor that determines employee performance and there is a strong correlation. The study concludes that leadership structure statistically and significantly affects employee performance. The study analyzed the connection between employee performance and independent variables (leadership structure, corporate reporting, board composition, and ethical code of conduct) the findings show that the variation in employee performance is explained by leadership structure, corporate reporting, board composition, and ethical code of conduct. The researcher recommends that the ministry of industrialization should work hand in hand with KEBS management should create a chain of command that designates who each employee directly reports to. This cautions and prevents departments from competing and transferring employees anyhow. Titles and positions in all departments should be in line with KEBS organizational structure and Staff Establishment to prevent confusion. The Board of Directors and Management of KEBS should know that corporate reporting is an integral part of organizational success and therefore the study recommends that management of any organization such as KEBS should develop an organizational culture that is honest and reports income and expenditure without fear or favor, annual reports should be readily available for all employees and members of the public. Based on the findings of this study, the conclusion, and subsequent recommendation, there is a need for a further study on corporate governance and employee performance in state corporations in Kenya whereby the study should seek to provide more insights on the current study findings and validate these findings.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES, STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF LARGE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2024-10) LUCY KIROGA
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Corporate Governance Principles, Strategic Management Practices, Business Environment and Performance of Large Manufacturing firms in Kenya. The specific objective of the study is to determine the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya; to establish the mediating effect of strategic management practices on the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya; to establish the moderating effect of business environment on the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya and to determine moderated-mediation effect on the corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study was anchored on the Resource Dependence Theory supported the performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya and was complimented by the Agency theory, the stakeholder theory and the contingency theory. The study target population was the large manufacturing firms. The study adopted mixed research approach. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. The unit of observation was the top key managers in the key departments (procurement, operations and finance) of the large manufacturing firms. The quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and was coded using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics which included correlation and multiple regressions. The study results revealed that strong positive correlation (R=0.656) between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya, and that corporate governance principles accounted for 42.1% of the observed differences in the performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya, while corporate governance principles and strategic management practices accounted for 55.3% of the observed variance in the performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. Further, strategic management practices partially mediate the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. Business environment moderated the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya with 60.9% of variation in performance is explained by the interaction between business environment, corporate governance principles project planning and performance. There was a significant moderated mediation effect of business environment and strategic management practices on the relationship between corporate xiii governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study recommends that the manufacturing companies to achieve better performance they should enhance their corporate governance processes by strengthening the autonomy and proficiency of the board. Enhance transparency and disclosure by adopting comprehensive and prompt disclosure methods to provide shareholders and stakeholders with precise and pertinent information on the company's financial performance, governance structures, and risk management practices. Employ electronic platforms and other cutting-edge communication methods to improve the clarity and availability of information.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, SERVICE INNOVATION, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF FAITH BASED HOSPITALS IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2024-10) JACOB KIMOTE
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between corporate governance, service innovation, government regulations and organizational performance of Faith-Based Hospitals in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were; to establish the effects of corporate governance on organizational performance of faith-based hospital in Kenya; to determine the mediating effect of service innovation on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of faith-based hospital in Kenya; to examine the moderating effect of government regulations on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of faith-based hospital in Kenya; and to determine the mediated moderation effect of service innovation and government regulation on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith Based Hospitals in Kenya. The study was anchored on the Resource Dependence Theory and employed positivist research philosophy. This study used cross- sectional survey research approach. The study adopted a census method to obtain study population. The unit of analysis consisted of level 4 and 5 Faith-based Hospitals in Kenya while the unit of observation consisted of Finance Director, Executive Director and Medical director of all the target faith-based hospitals. Three hundred and nine questionnaires were administered to Finance Director, Executive Director and Medical director of all faith-based hospitals using purposive sampling. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Quantitative data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 27). Regression analysis was used in the prediction of causal inferences between the study variables and hypothesis testing. The study observed ethical standards of research: Informed consent, voluntary participation, confidentiality, privacy and anonymity. The study findings indicated that there was a statistically significant correlations between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith-Based Hospitals in Kenya. Service innovation was found to have a partial mediation effect on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith-Based Hospitals in Kenya. Moreover, government regulations were found to have an enhancing moderating effect on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith Based Hospitals in Kenya. The study recommends that regulations governing faith-based hospitals' adoption of innovative medical services and technology should be simplified and hospitals should engage stakeholders in the process of designing and improving services to make sure that innovations meet their needs and improve results. To improve service delivery and efficiency, faith-based hospitals should embrace advances made possible by technology, such as telemedicine, electronic health records, and mobile health applications.
CORPORATE LEADERSHIP, POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, STRATEGIC LINKAGES, AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF KENYA AGRICULTURAL AND LIVESTOCK RESEARCH ORGANIZATION
(2024-06) WARINDA ENOCK; Dr. Domeniter Naomi Kathula
CORPORATEGOVERNANCEANDFINANCIALPERFORMANCEOF COMMERCIALBANKS INMACHAKOSCOUNTY,KENYA
(Management University of Africa, 2023-10) SHADRACK MBITHI NDETO
The banking industry in Kenya and the world by extension is characterized by ever changing and turbulent competitive business environment in terms of products and services offered to their customers all geared towards the commercial bank's performance. To overcome the above strains and remain profitable commercial banks need to adopt corporate governance practices that would aid them enhance their performance. This will make identification and pursuit of the right corporate governance practices as a source of superior performance to become a predominant priority in all organizations nevertheless the application of the right corporate governance practices is still a concern in most of the commercial banks. Hence, the purpose of the research was to examine how the services provided by commercial banks in the country affects the customers' satisfaction, regulatory framework compliance, employee motivation and retention, and overall transparency and accountability. Between January 2023 and August 2023, researchers in Machakos County gathered data. The anchor theory of the research was stakeholder theory and agency theory, and stewardship theory were supporting theories. Data was gathered using surveys utilizing a descriptive research methodology. Commercial banks in Machakos County were the focus of this research. Because of its central location within the metro area and its excellent infrastructure, Machakos County was chosen due to the region's tremendous economic potential. Machakos county has a total of 26 commercial banks spread across its 9 sub counties and were all involved in the study. The data collection tool was piloted in Makueni County. Collected data was coded and entered into the SPSS version 22 program; the tool that aided in data analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to summaries the data including percentages and frequencies. Tables and other graphical presentations deemed appropriate were used to present the data collected for ease of understanding and analysis. Pearson correlation was used to test the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Both the correlation and regression results were used to establish whether any form of influence between transparency and accountability, employee motivation and retention, regulatory framework compliance, customer satisfaction and performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study found out that there exists a positive relationship between the specific aspects of corporate governance under study and the financial performance of commercial banks. these findings have also been related to the findings of another previous research. From the findings of the study, the research recommends that to ensure there is sufficient Compliance to Regulatory Framework the management of the commercial banks, the legislature and the central bank which is the supervising authority needs to put in place policies to ensure the bank is compliant to the provisions. This research recommends that further research be carried out in other locations as well as the supervisory authority to establish its commitment in ensuring that the corporate governance is fully complied with. Further the research recommends that, further research be carried out in other financial institutions such as insurance companies, micro finance institutions and savings and credit cooperative societies.
DETERMINANTS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURERS IN KENYA: A CASE OF AUTOSTERILE EAST AFRICA, KENYA
(MUA, 2020-10) MARGARET WAMBUI KAMAU
This study investigated the determinants of competitiveness of pharmaceutical manufacturers in Kenya: a case of Autosterile East Africa, Kenya. The specific objectives were to examine how economic growth, management efficiency, business environment efficiency and business facility infrastructure influence competitiveness of locally manufactured goods in Autosterile East Africa, Kenya. This study used descriptive survey design. This study used census sampling to involve 69 respondents; 8 top level employees, 22 middle level employees and 39 lower level employees in Autosterile East Africa. Questionnaires used in the survey formed the primary data and was analyzed by use of Statistical Packages for Social Science version 25. Multiple regression analysis was done to test the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study findings found out that economic growth, management efficiency, business environment efficiency and business facility infrastructure all have a positive relationship with competitiveness of locally manufactured goods. Business environment efficiency was the most significant determinant of competitiveness of locally manufactured goods. From the findings, it was highlighted that a large number of respondents agreed that the GDP has influenced the competition among our competitors a mean of 1.23 and a standard deviation 0.12. A large number of respondents agreed that organization structure of firms dictates its competitive advantage over other firms as shown by a mean of 1.22 and a standard deviation 0.15. A majority agreed that demand for goods and services influences competition of goods and services as shown by a mean of 1.58 and a standard deviation 0.29 while a large number agreed that political stability has an impact in competition among firms as shown by a mean of 1.68 and a standard deviation 0.64. The government of Kenya need to boost the Economic Growth in order to enhance the competitiveness of Locally Manufactured Goods. This can be done by providing subsidies to business owners and fund the SMEs in starting up business. The locally manufactured goods firms should enhance their management efficiency so as to better their competitiveness of their locally manufactured goods. This can be done by the firm’s management developing leadership structures that are efficient.
DETERMINANTS OF LOCALIZATION OF HUMANITARIAN AID IN KENYA: A SURVEY OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN WAJIR COUNTY
(MUA, 2025-09) ABDIRIZAK ABDI KONTOMA
Humanitarian has become an important sector in provision of the assistance to many disasters affected areas in the world. Humanitarian relief is the provision of the lifesaving assistance to those in the need including victims of conflicts and natural disasters. However, many non-governmental organizations offered humanitarian assistance as a short-term intervention, which in turn created dependency. The consequences of the above have been a less motivated pastoral population, reduced productivity in efforts to improve their social and economic well-being, and a psychological dependence on humanitarian aid, which has led to reduced innovation. The Main objective of this study is to examine the determinants of localization of humanitarian aid in Kenya a survey of Non- Governmental Organization in Wajir County and study the specific objectives are to establish how direct funding determines localization of humanitarian aid of NGO in Wajir County; to establish how partnership determines localization of humanitarian aid of NGO in Wajir County; to establish how leadership commitment determines localization of humanitarian aid of NGO in Wajir County and to establish how capacity building determines localization of humanitarian aid of NGO in Wajir County. Theories used in this study were Neo-institutional theory (anchor theory) and institutional theory. The study used correlational research design to determine degree and direction of the relationship between variables. This research was conducted in Wajir county to provide a relevant and practical context for the study. The study target population was 280 employees of 9 NGOs operating in Wajir County, and the sample size was 85 respondents that was randomly selected from the target population. Questionnaires were used as the main data collection tool. Pilot study questionnaire was administered to 10% of the target population who were not included in the final study. To ensure reliability of the study, co-efficient of 0.7 or above was obtained for all the constructs. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Analysis of the data was done using descriptive statistics; specifically mean, averages and percentages. The social sciences statistical package (SPSS) application was used to analyse the data and presentation was done in form of tables so that users of the research findings could comprehend them quickly and easily. Inferential statistics was used to show the relationship that existed between the study variables. It was found that direct funding, partnerships, leadership commitment and capacity building affect localization of humanitarian aid. The study recommends further research be done on the same area since the survey could not exhaust all the determinants of localization of the humanitarian aid in Wajir county.
DEVOLUTION OF GOVERNMENT SERVICES AND PERFORMANCE OF COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT PROJECTS IN KENYA: A SURVEY OF COMMUNITY PROJECTS IN KWALE COUNTY
(management university of africa, 2024-10) KOMBO JOSEPHAT CHIREMA
The county government was intended to bring government services to the grassroots and, hence, empower the citizens in various ways through various undertakings. Various services, including finances, structures, public participation, and capacities to develop human resources, are envisioned to ensure programs undertaken at local levels are performing as expected and their impacts are felt by society. However, reports and studies have indicated that the expectations are yet to be achieved, and the people are yet to reap these benefits. The initiated community empowerment project has not been meeting expectations, and its impact on community wellbeing is not felt. This study sought to determine the devolution of government services and performance of community empowerment projects in Kwale County and had financial resources, human resource capabilities, public participation and leadership accountability as variable. Descriptive research design was used with a target of 133 community empowerment projects within Kwale County. The variable relationship was determined through regression model. The relationship between public participation, human resource capabilities, financial resources, leadership accountability and the performance of community empowerment projects was determined using regression correlation analysis. In inclusion, addressing funding challenges through diversified sources and improved financial management practices is essential for maximizing the effectiveness of community empowerment efforts in the region. Skilled and knowledgeable personnel drive effective project implementation, enhance community engagement, and contribute to sustainable outcomes. Addressing human resource challenges through targeted investments in training, recruitment, and leadership development is essential for maximizing the impact of empowerment initiatives in the region. Active involvement of community members enhances the relevance, effectiveness, and sustainability of projects by fostering ownership, transparency, and innovative problem-solving. Accountable leaders enhance project implementation, foster community trust, and ensure effective resource management. Addressing challenges related to accountability and implementing robust structures for transparency and oversight are essential for maximizing the positive impact of empowerment initiatives in the region. The study recommends that, the county should adopt sound financial management practices, including detailed budgeting, regular financial reporting, and transparent accounting procedures. This helps in tracking expenses, preventing mismanagement, and ensuring that funds are used effectively. All relevant parties including the federal and local governments-should have a well-defined plan in place for how they intend to fund their community empowerment initiatives. This would ensure that the projects are finished in the way required to meet the predetermined objectives. The county should develop strategies to recruit skilled individuals who have relevant experience and expertise. The county should also create supportive work environments and career development opportunities to retain experienced staff and volunteers. Consider providing performance-based incentives, recognition programs, and opportunities for career advancement. The county should conduct awareness campaigns to inform community members about the project’s objectives, benefits, and their roles in the process. Educating the community on the importance of their participation can lead to more active and informed involvement. The county should encourage leaders to model ethical behavior and accountability in all aspects of project management. Ethical leadership fosters a culture of integrity and responsibility among project staff and stakeholders. The county should reward leaders and team members who demonstrate strong accountability and performance to motivate them take ownership of their roles.
DIGITAL SUPPLY CHAIN OPTIMIZATION AND NUTRITIONAL FOOD SECURITY FOR FRESH PRODUCE IN NAIROBI COUNTY: A CASE STUDY OF KIBRA SUB-COUNTY
(MUA, 2025-04) INGOLO JOSPHINE ALUKO
Kenya’s fresh produce supply chain faces significant challenges, including poor market access, inefficiencies in distribution, and high food loss rates, all of which impact food security and nutrition. This research investigated digital supply chain optimization on food security and nutritional outcomes within Kenya’s fresh produce sector. The specific objectives of the study included determining the impact of digital logistics integration, assessing the effects of digital market linkages, and evaluating digital traceability and information sharing’s influence on nutritional food security. The study was grounded under four theories with systems theory being the anchor theory supported by supply chain management integration theory, resource-based view theory, technology acceptance model theory and food security framework. A cross-sectional research approach was used, targeting a study population of 398 respondents obtained using a stratified random sampling technique to ensure representativeness across the different segments. Through qualitative and quantitative methods, including interviews with stakeholders, this research determined the efficacy of digital supply chain technologies in mitigating food security and nutrition challenges and enhancing access to nutritious fresh produce. Data gathered was analyzed using statistical techniques, including descriptive and regression analysis to determine the relationship between digital supply chain optimization indices and food security and nutrition indicators. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis while quantitative data was coded and analysed using SPSS version 28 respectively. Data collected was entered into a spreadsheet for summarization and from which relevant tables and figures were populated for presentation. Ethical considerations were also observed during the study. A pilot study was conducted using 40 participants to refine the survey instruments and 319 respondents participated in the survey. The findings revealed that digital logistics integration had the strongest positive impact (β = 0.65, p < 0.001), explaining 42.3% of variance in nutritional food security through improved delivery efficiency and reduced post-harvest losses. Digital market linkages showed significant influence (β = 0.60, p < 0.001), facilitated by mobile platforms like Twiga Foods, Wasoko, Taimba and M-Pesa, though adoption was constrained by low digital literacy (30%) and unreliable internet (45%). Digital traceability systems (e.g., blockchain, IoT) had limited adoption (3.1–4.7%) due to infrastructural barriers, while digital transparency enhanced decision-making but lacked regulatory frameworks. The study concluded that digital supply chain technologies collectively explained 67.2% of nutritional food security variance (R² = 0.672), with affordability and accessibility remaining critical challenges. Recommendations included investing in community Wi-Fi hubs, low-technology traceability solutions (SMS-based systems), and digital literacy programs tailored to Kibra’s low-income population. The research contributed to policy and practice by highlighting scalable interventions to bridge supply chain gaps in urban informal settlements, aligning with SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and Kenya’s Food and Nutrition Security Policy. Further investigation is warranted in light of the study's results, recommendations, and conclusion. This additional research should aim to corroborate other factors that were not examined in this study and offer fresh information to validate the current findings.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANIES IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF CIC GENERAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED
(Management University of Africa, 2022-10) BENJAMIN MAINA GITAU
The main purpose of the study was to establish the role of digital transformation in the organizational performance of the general insurance industry in Kenya with focus to CIC General Insurance. The researcher investigated Big Data Analytics, Internet of Things, Process Automation, and Artificial Intelligence on the performance of CIC general insurance company in Kenya. This study provides more information towards the status of digital transformation and performance in the insurance industry in Kenya and also helps policy makers in the insurance firms on areas to consider towards effectively improving the various aspects of digital transformation on their performance. The study validates previous research done in other markets or sectors and its similarities or differences in relation to the local insurance industry. The study was anchored on Resource-Based Theory, which explains the effect of utilization of available resources and their impact on the performance of an organization. Diffusion of Innovations theory as well as Dynamic Capability Theory supported the Study. The study used a descriptive research design. The study targeted 315 employees of CIC General Insurance Company. A stratified random sampling method was used where 65 respondents, representing 20% of the entire target population, formed the sample size of the study. The researcher used structured questionnaires to collect data from respondents. Statistical package for social sciences was used for data analysis to aid generation descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to help obtain results of multiple linear regression and ANOVA results. The study established that here was a linear and significant relationship between the four variables and the performance of the general insurance companies in Kenya. The four variables 57.3% of Digital Transformation. Digital Transformation was found to have a big impact on the overall performance of general insurance companies in Kenya. The study established that big data analytics contribute 21.8% of the Digital Transformation, 26.1% is as a result of the internet of things. Process automation influenced around 34.3% of the and artificial intelligence around 29.7% of the digital transformation. The study established that a company gathers and stores data from various sources, both internal and external. The study also found that big data analytics contributes to the minimization of fraud cases in claims. The study also found that IoT led to better risk assessment and that internet of things has enhanced better service quality. Likewise, the study established that process automation has reduced manual tasks in service delivery. Finally, the study found that artificial intelligence has enhanced better decision making and that artificial intelligence can lead to reduced claims cost management. The study also concluded that there was a linear relationship between big data analytics, the internet of things, process automation, artificial intelligence, and the performance of general insurance in Kenya. The study recommends that insurance firms should embrace big data analytics in their operational activities. To get insurance firms on the path to greater success in the area of big data management initiatives, there should be more emphasis on understanding where a company really is, where it needs to be, and how to start in order to improve its business value. The study recommends that insurance firms consider IoT as a tool for gaining competitive advantage in the insurance sector. On process automation, the study recommended that establishing business process automation requires one system that should be dependable and one that will increase productivity, performance, and reduce cost. It makes it possible for insurers to use machine learning, data modeling, and predictive analysis across the entire insurance value chain. This has led to a better bottom line and happier customers .
E-COMMUNICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN KENYA: A CASE OF TWO BUILDING CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN MOMBASA
(MUA, 2025-10) MUNUPE ROSE MBAIKA
The construction industry in Kenya is increasingly embracing digital communication tools to enhance coordination, collaboration, and efficiency in project delivery. This study, which focused on Mombasa County businesses, investigated the impact of e-communication tools on the execution of construction projects utilizing the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the anchor theory. The study specifically investigated the influence of four digital platforms, Construction Dashboards, Digital Blueprints and Drawings, Electronic Document Management Systems (EDMS), and Project Management Software (PMS) on implementation indicators such as task efficiency, responsiveness, collaboration, and accountability. A descriptive research approach was used, and 57 respondents from particular construction companies were given structured questionnaires to complete in order to gather quantitative data. Multiple linear regression analysis was one of the descriptive and inferential statistics used in the data analysis process. The findings showed that the implementation of building projects was positively and statistically significantly impacted by all four e-communication tools. EDMS had the greatest influence (B = 0.282, p = 0.000), followed by PMS (B = 0.258, p = 0.000), Construction Dashboards (B = 0.183, p = 0.003), and Digital Blueprints andDrawings (B = 0.176, p = 0.001). The regression model demonstrated a strong explanatory power, with an R-squared value of 0.814, suggesting that 81.4% of the variation in project implementation could be explained by the combined effect of the e-communication tools. The study concludes that the adoption of digital communication technologies significantly enhances construction project implementation by improving information sharing, decision making, and accountability. It recommends that construction firms invest in digital infrastructure and employee training to fully exploit these technologies. Additionally, the National Construction Authority (NCA) should develop supportive policies and incentives to promote the widespread use of e-communication tools in the sector. Future research should expand the scope to include other regions and emerging technologies such as Building Information Modeling and mobile applications..
EFFECT OF WORK DIVERSITY ON PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA
(Management University of Africa, 2025-10) NYAMAI MAUREEN MWENDE
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, JOB DEMANDS - RESOURCES, OCCUPATIONAL SELF-EFFICACY AND WORK COMMITMENT OF MILLENNIALS IN KENYA’S TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR
(management university of africa, 2024-10) THAIRU JOYCE WANJIRU
The personal characteristics of employees and the conditions within organizations play a crucial role in fostering favorable work outcomes such as commitment. However, research indicates that many organizations fail to fully grasp and utilize these factors such as emotional intelligence (EI), occupational self-efficacy (OSE), and job demands-resources (JD-R) to their advantage. In addition, there is limited research on their combined effect on millennial workers within Kenya’s telecommunication sector. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of EI, JD-R, and OSE on work commitment (WC) among millennials in Kenya's telecommunication sector. The specific objectives of the study were to examine: the relationship between EI and WC; to determine the moderating effect of JD-R on the relationship between EI and WC; the mediation effect of OSE on the relationship between EI and WC; and the moderation-mediation effect of JD-R and OSE on the relationship between EI and WC of millennial employees in the Kenyan telecommunication sector. The study adopted a positivist research philosophy and cross-sectional research design. A sample of 157 employees, aged between 23 and 43 years, was selected from the IGOs using random sampling techniques. Participants were asked to complete an online survey that measured their EI, JD-R, OSE, and WC. A response rate of 85.4% was achieved (134 respondents). The collected data was analyzed through descriptive and correlational analysis using IBM SPSS version 24 and Macro Process. The study's findings showed that EI, JD-R, and OSE explained 2.6%, 24.5%, and 16.2% of work commitment respectively. In addition, JD-R increased the between EI and WC by 21.7%. The findings imply that EI is significantly associated WC of millennials in Kenya’s telecommunication sector. In addition, JD-R moderated the relationship between EI and WC. Also, OSE mediated partially the relationship between EI and WC. Lastly, JD-R and OSE had a moderated-mediated effect on the relationship between EI and WC of millennial workers in Kenya’s telecommunication sector. The findings may contribute to theory, inform policy, and provide insights into how organizations can enhance employee commitment by promoting EI while enhancing JDR, and OSE.