PhD Dissertations

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BUSINESS STRATEGIES, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, INNOVATION PROCESSES AND PERFORMANCE OF LARGE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
(2020-11) MUHINDI PATRICK WARUINGE; Prof. Peter Kithae, PhD; Dr. John Cheluget, PhD
CHANGE MANAGEMENT, SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP, FARMER CHARACTERISTICS AND SUGARCANE PRODUCTIVITY IN SUGAR FACTORY CANE CATCHMENT AREAS IN KENYA
(2022-09) WANJALA AGGREY WALIAULA; Prof. Emmanuel Awuor, PhD.; Dr. Michael Ngala, PhD.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES, STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT PRACTICES, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF LARGE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2024-10) LUCY KIROGA
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Corporate Governance Principles, Strategic Management Practices, Business Environment and Performance of Large Manufacturing firms in Kenya. The specific objective of the study is to determine the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya; to establish the mediating effect of strategic management practices on the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya; to establish the moderating effect of business environment on the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya and to determine moderated-mediation effect on the corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study was anchored on the Resource Dependence Theory supported the performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya and was complimented by the Agency theory, the stakeholder theory and the contingency theory. The study target population was the large manufacturing firms. The study adopted mixed research approach. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. The unit of observation was the top key managers in the key departments (procurement, operations and finance) of the large manufacturing firms. The quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and was coded using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics which included correlation and multiple regressions. The study results revealed that strong positive correlation (R=0.656) between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya, and that corporate governance principles accounted for 42.1% of the observed differences in the performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya, while corporate governance principles and strategic management practices accounted for 55.3% of the observed variance in the performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. Further, strategic management practices partially mediate the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. Business environment moderated the relationship between corporate governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya with 60.9% of variation in performance is explained by the interaction between business environment, corporate governance principles project planning and performance. There was a significant moderated mediation effect of business environment and strategic management practices on the relationship between corporate xiii governance principles and performance of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study recommends that the manufacturing companies to achieve better performance they should enhance their corporate governance processes by strengthening the autonomy and proficiency of the board. Enhance transparency and disclosure by adopting comprehensive and prompt disclosure methods to provide shareholders and stakeholders with precise and pertinent information on the company's financial performance, governance structures, and risk management practices. Employ electronic platforms and other cutting-edge communication methods to improve the clarity and availability of information.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, SERVICE INNOVATION, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND ORGANISATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF FAITH BASED HOSPITALS IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2024-10) JACOB KIMOTE
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between corporate governance, service innovation, government regulations and organizational performance of Faith-Based Hospitals in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were; to establish the effects of corporate governance on organizational performance of faith-based hospital in Kenya; to determine the mediating effect of service innovation on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of faith-based hospital in Kenya; to examine the moderating effect of government regulations on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of faith-based hospital in Kenya; and to determine the mediated moderation effect of service innovation and government regulation on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith Based Hospitals in Kenya. The study was anchored on the Resource Dependence Theory and employed positivist research philosophy. This study used cross- sectional survey research approach. The study adopted a census method to obtain study population. The unit of analysis consisted of level 4 and 5 Faith-based Hospitals in Kenya while the unit of observation consisted of Finance Director, Executive Director and Medical director of all the target faith-based hospitals. Three hundred and nine questionnaires were administered to Finance Director, Executive Director and Medical director of all faith-based hospitals using purposive sampling. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Quantitative data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 27). Regression analysis was used in the prediction of causal inferences between the study variables and hypothesis testing. The study observed ethical standards of research: Informed consent, voluntary participation, confidentiality, privacy and anonymity. The study findings indicated that there was a statistically significant correlations between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith-Based Hospitals in Kenya. Service innovation was found to have a partial mediation effect on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith-Based Hospitals in Kenya. Moreover, government regulations were found to have an enhancing moderating effect on the relationship between corporate governance and organizational performance of Faith Based Hospitals in Kenya. The study recommends that regulations governing faith-based hospitals' adoption of innovative medical services and technology should be simplified and hospitals should engage stakeholders in the process of designing and improving services to make sure that innovations meet their needs and improve results. To improve service delivery and efficiency, faith-based hospitals should embrace advances made possible by technology, such as telemedicine, electronic health records, and mobile health applications.
CORPORATE LEADERSHIP, POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, STRATEGIC LINKAGES, AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF KENYA AGRICULTURAL AND LIVESTOCK RESEARCH ORGANIZATION
(2024-06) WARINDA ENOCK; Dr. Domeniter Naomi Kathula
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, JOB DEMANDS - RESOURCES, OCCUPATIONAL SELF-EFFICACY AND WORK COMMITMENT OF MILLENNIALS IN KENYA’S TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR
(management university of africa, 2024-10) THAIRU JOYCE WANJIRU
The personal characteristics of employees and the conditions within organizations play a crucial role in fostering favorable work outcomes such as commitment. However, research indicates that many organizations fail to fully grasp and utilize these factors such as emotional intelligence (EI), occupational self-efficacy (OSE), and job demands-resources (JD-R) to their advantage. In addition, there is limited research on their combined effect on millennial workers within Kenya’s telecommunication sector. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of EI, JD-R, and OSE on work commitment (WC) among millennials in Kenya's telecommunication sector. The specific objectives of the study were to examine: the relationship between EI and WC; to determine the moderating effect of JD-R on the relationship between EI and WC; the mediation effect of OSE on the relationship between EI and WC; and the moderation-mediation effect of JD-R and OSE on the relationship between EI and WC of millennial employees in the Kenyan telecommunication sector. The study adopted a positivist research philosophy and cross-sectional research design. A sample of 157 employees, aged between 23 and 43 years, was selected from the IGOs using random sampling techniques. Participants were asked to complete an online survey that measured their EI, JD-R, OSE, and WC. A response rate of 85.4% was achieved (134 respondents). The collected data was analyzed through descriptive and correlational analysis using IBM SPSS version 24 and Macro Process. The study's findings showed that EI, JD-R, and OSE explained 2.6%, 24.5%, and 16.2% of work commitment respectively. In addition, JD-R increased the between EI and WC by 21.7%. The findings imply that EI is significantly associated WC of millennials in Kenya’s telecommunication sector. In addition, JD-R moderated the relationship between EI and WC. Also, OSE mediated partially the relationship between EI and WC. Lastly, JD-R and OSE had a moderated-mediated effect on the relationship between EI and WC of millennial workers in Kenya’s telecommunication sector. The findings may contribute to theory, inform policy, and provide insights into how organizations can enhance employee commitment by promoting EI while enhancing JDR, and OSE.
EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION, STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION, STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF LEVEL FOUR GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS IN KENYA
(2023-09) NYAMAI EVERLYN MUSANGI; Prof. Thomas Ngui, Ph.D.; Prof. Thomas A. Senaji, Ph.D
INNOVATIVE LEADERSHIP, ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND PERFORMANCE OF PENTECOSTAL CHURCHES IN KENYA
(2025-09) THOMAS NDETTO NDUNGO; Prof. John Cheluget, PhD; Dr Shadrack Jirma, PhD
INTEGRATIVE LEADERSHIP, VALUE CHAIN MANAGEMENT, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND PERFORMANCE OF FRESH TOMATO AGRIBUSINESS IN KENYA LAKE REGION ECONOMIC BLOC
(2024-10) Muguna Stephen Bundi; Prof. Emmanuel Awuor, PhD; Dr. Paul Machoka, PhD
LEADERSHIP STYLE, FINANCIAL INNOVATION, BANKING REGULATION AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2022-09) WERU MWANGI
Leadership style has been considered a critical factor influencing financial performance of firms across the globe. Commercial banks in Kenya have registered mixed financial performance results over the past ten years despite the homogeneity of the industry market conditions. Disparity in financial performance prompted the need to assess if leadership style could be responsible. Relationship between leadership style and financial performance have been studied with mixed findings indicating a possibility of other factor-variable roles in mediating or moderation. Financial innovation being considered a leader’s decision, and banking regulations as factor outside leader’s decision ambit, could possibly define this relationship. However little or no empirical evidence have been documented to explain these phenomena prompting the need for this study. The study was guided by the specific objectives namely to establish the influence of leadership style on the financial performance of commercial banks operating in Kenya; examine the intervening effect of financial innovation on the relationship between leadership style and the financial performance of commercial banks operating in Kenya; determine the moderating effect of banking regulation on the relationship between leadership style and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya; and determine the moderating effect of banking regulation on the mediating role of financial innovation on the relationship between leadership style and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study was anchored on Behavioral Leadership Theory, Diffusion of Innovation Theory, Agency Theory and Stakeholder Theory. The study adopted a positivist philosophy; correlational and cross-sectional research deigns and a target population comprising management staff working in commercial banks. 385 respondents were selected from 10,395 management staff. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaires with data being analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, means and standard deviations were adopted while correlation analysis was used to establish the strength and direction of relationship between the variables. Regression PROCESS conditional analysis was used to establish the meditation, moderation and moderated-mediated analysis. Parametric test statistics was adopted to establish the significance influence of variable effect at 95% level of significance as well as to test the study hypothesis. The findings indicated that there exists a partial mediation effect on the mediating role of financial innovation on the relationship between leadership style and financial performance. Further, there is a significant negative moderating effect of banking regulation on the relationship between leadership style and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. Lastly, the study findings indicated that there exists negative and significant moderating effect of banking regulation on the mediating role of financial innovation in mediating the relationship between leadership style and financial performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The study recommended that that top managers of the commercial banks need to take up effective transformational and democratic leadership style in their management programs. The leaders within banks should emphasize research and development and ensure that the working environment is suitable for creativity and innovation. Lastly, the study recommends that bank managers and owners abide by the banking regulations according to the CBK guidelines. Limitations wise, some banks considered information on banking innovation and impacts of regulation to be confidential and were therefore reluctant to respond to the questionnaire. Some bank managers also indicated that it was against their company policy to divulge any information on the company operations. The researcher took time to convince the respondents by informing them that the data was purely for research purposes. In some cases, alternative respondents were identified using the multi-level sampling method.
PILLARS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, INVESTMENT POLICIES, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF PENSION FUND MANAGERS IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2022-09) DEROW ADEN ALI
Pension fund performance has received increased attention across the world with public pension fund performing dismally when compared to private pension fund. Pension funds' performance in Kenya has been facing myriads of challenges ranging from poor administration and investments of pension funds, lack of transparency and accountability, non-remittance of monthly contributions by employers, misappropriation of scheme assets by the trustees, loss of scheme funds through negligence of trustees and poor investment of the scheme assets. The broad objective of this study was to examine the relationships between pillars of corporate governance, investment policies, government regulations and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya. The study sought to determine the intervening effect of investment policies on the relationship between pillars of corporate governance and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya; to establish the moderating effect of government regulations on the relationship between pillars of corporate governance and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya; and to determine the moderation - mediator effect on the relationship between pillars of corporate governance and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya. Neoclassical theory, Q-theory, contingency theory and stakeholder theory was used in the study. This study adopted positivism philosophy. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design whereby access to the widest possible amount of data from the targeted Fund Managers in Kenya was sought. The population of interest of the study was 31 Fund Managers in Kenya licensed by RBA and CMA. The study used purely primary data sources. Primary data was obtained from the selected respondents. Primary data was collected through questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to establish the relative significance of each of the variables on the influence of pillars of corporate governance, investment policies, government regulations on the performance of pension fund managers in Kenya. The study findings indicated that there was significant relationship between pillars of corporate governance and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya. In addition, the findings indicated that there was a partial intervening effect of investment policies in the relationship between pillars of corporate governance and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya. There was a significant moderating effect of government regulations on the relationship between pillars of corporate governance and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya. Lastly, there was a significant moderation – mediator effect on the relationship between pillars of corporate governance and performance of pension fund managers in Kenya. The study concluded that pillars of corporate governance practices being implemented had been incorporated in the Pension Fund’s investment management decisions with its assets being more diversified and having enhanced reporting on investments. This implied that the adoption of the regulations from the regulatory bodies such as number of trustees, tax on non-exempt incomes of pension fund members, regulatory meetings, risk tolerance limits imposed by the RBA, competition as stipulated by RBA led to better performance. The study recommended on pension reforms, by creating a new class of potential activist shareholders in the form of pension funds, could in principle improve corporate governance and increased shareholder discipline. The study recommend that the pension fund managers must work with stakeholders to bring about a harmonized, workable and transparent legislative and institutional framework for the retirement benefits industry. Lastly, the study recommends that the governing body of the pension fund should set forth in a written statement and actively observe an overall investment policy.
PROJECT PLANNING, COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS AND PERFORMANCE OF ROAD PROJECTS IN ARID AND SEMI ARID COUNTIES IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2024-10) TIKSAN ABDI
The road construction industry is inherently complex due to the involvement of numerous parties, including the government, contractors, consultants, stakeholders, and regulators. In Kenya, road projects have been facing challenges, resulting in delays, increased costs, and subpar quality. This study objectives are to assess the effect of project planning on performance of road projects in arid and semi-arid counties in Kenya, to determining the mediation effect of community participation on the relationship between project planning and performance of road projects in arid and semi-arid counties in Kenya, To evaluate how government regulations influence the relationship between project planning and the performance of road projects in arid and semi-arid counties in Kenya, as well as to determine the moderated mediation effect of government regulations and community participation on this relationship. The study was anchored on theory of constraints and supported by Stakeholder Theory, Resource Based View Theory and Regulation Theory. The study adopted positivism philosophy. The study applied a cross-sectional survey design and used census sample method. The study population were the 88 completed road projects in 22 Arid and Semi-arid counties in Kenya. The study adopted convenience sampling technique where primary data was collected using a questionnaire from 198 respondents. The study respondents were the contracted company's project managers, county public works officers and the local community leaders who are most advantageously placed and in the best position to provide the information required. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics which included correlation and multiple regressions. The study results revealed that strong positive correlation (R=0.648) between project planning and performance of road projects; strong positive and statistically significant correlation (R=0.718) between project planning, community participation and performance of road projects; and that 51% (R2=0.510) of variation in and performance of road projects is explained by the project planning, community participation. Further, community participation partially mediates the relationship between project planning and performance of road projects. Moreover, a significant effect of government regulations on the relationship between the project planning and performance of road projects was observed besides a strong, positive and statistically significant correlation (R=0.738) between government regulations, project planning and performance of road projects. In addition, 53.6% (R2=0.536) of variation in performance is explained by the interaction between project planning and government regulations. There was a significant moderated mediated effect of government regulations and community participation on the relationship between project planning and performance of road projects in arid and semi-arid counties in Kenya. The study recommends the development of comprehensive and workable project designs that take into account the one-of-a-kind conditions that are typical of arid and semi-arid regions. There is a need for greater investment in training and development efforts that target project planners and engineers, with the purpose of expanding their knowledge and understanding of the design and execution of road projects within arid and semi-arid regions. Establishment of project planning frameworks that are especially adapted to the contextual needs of arid and semi-arid settings is an absolute necessity if one wants to successfully handle the one-of-a-kind difficulties that are offered by arid and semi-arid environments.
ROAD ASSET MAINTENANCE, BUDGETARY ALLOCATION, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK AND PERFORMANCE OF ROAD AGENCIES IN KENYA
(2024-08) CATHERINE N. KIMANI; Dr. John Cheluget; Dr. Thomas Ngui
SCHOOL LEADERSHIP, HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS, LEARNING PROCESS, AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN GHANA
(management university of africa, 2024-10) KWAME OWUSU-ANSAH OWUSU AFRAM
The improvement in secondary education in Ghana has gained prominence through major reforms introduced by the Government after independence. However, major education reforms and interventions introduced to support the academic performance of second-cycle schools have not met the expected outcomes. The Ministry of Education, Ghana, reported a decline in academic performance among public Senior High Schools in 2019, with WASSCE pass rates in core subjects showing notable disparities across regions. Over the period from 2006 to 2021, only about 34% of students achieved passing grades in core subjects, with specific rates of 38% in Mathematics, 36% in English, 43% in Integrated Science, and 61% in Social Studies. This persistent underperformance has been attributed to school leadership and their capacity to effectively implement a vision for enhancing teachers' skills and knowledge. The study aimed to examine the effects of school leadership, human resource development interventions, and learning process on the academic performance of public senior high schools in Ghana. The first specific objective of the study was to examine the relationship between school leadership and academic performance. The second specific objective was to evaluate the moderating effect of human resource development interventions on the relationship between school leadership and academic performance. The third specific objective was to determine the mediating effect of the learning process on the relationship between school leadership and academic performance. The fourth specific objective was to examine the moderated-mediation effect of learning process and human resource development interventions on the relationship between school leadership and academic performance. Amongst other theories, the study anchored on distributed leadership and social learning theories. The study adopted the positivist and applied cross-sectional survey design. The study’s target population was the 928 public senior high schools listed by the Ghana Education Service as of December 2023. This study applied the quantitative method and cluster-stratified random sampling to collect primary data from 2176 respondents. The data was codified and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 27. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured using Cronbach’s alpha and the questionnaire was piloted before being administered. The quantitative data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed a positive and significant relationship between school leadership and academic performance. Additionally, in the mediating effect, learning process was found to have a partial mediating effect on this relationship, indicating that effective school leadership influences academic performance through its impact on the learning process. Also, human resource development interventions were found to have a significant moderating effect, enhancing the relationship between school leadership and academic performance. The study concluded that school leadership has a significant relationship on academic performance. The study recommends that stakeholders implement policies and practices that enhance learning processes and support human resource development interventions, leveraging these benefits to improve academic outcomes. The study found moderated mediation of human resource development interventions and learning process on the relationship between school leadership and academic performance. The study recommends that school leadership should be prioritized in senior high schools in Ghana to facilitate the achievement of academic performance. The Ministry of Education and the Ghana Education Service must prioritize the appointment of competent leadership in senior high schools. Stakeholders in senior high education should provide support and resources to equip these leadership for their roles. Effective school leadership is essential for implementing interventions that promote teacher professional development and enhance the learning process, ultimately improving student academic performance.
STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION, CAPITAL STRUCTURE, MACRO ENVIRONMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF ENERGY SECTOR INSTITUTIONS IN KENYA
(2020-11) ODHIAMBO JOHN MUDANY; Dr. Nicholas Kibiwott Letting PhD; Prof. Gituro Wainaina PhD
TENDERING PROCESS, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES, STAKEHOLDERS ENGAGEMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF COUNTY GOVERNMENT WATER PROJECTS IN SEKEB REGION, KENYA
(management university of africa, 2025-10) FREDERICK KILONZI MALUKI
Access to reliable water infrastructure remains a significant challenge in Kenya, particularly within devolved county governments, where performance inconsistencies hinder project success. Despite established bidding processes and regulatory frameworks in Kitui, Makueni, and Machakos counties, the performance of water projects has remained suboptimal due to factors such as inadequate stakeholder participation, opaque procurement methods, and weak governance structures. This study examined the effects of stakeholder engagement, corporate governance practices, and the tendering process on the performance of water projects in the Southeastern Kenya Economic Bloc (SEKEB). The research investigated the direct impact of the tendering process, the moderating role of stakeholder involvement, and the mediating influence of corporate governance on project outcomes. The study used Tendering Theory, Agency Theory, and Stakeholder Theory as its theoretical framework. A mixed-methods approach was employed, with data collected from 764 stakeholders involved in water project development through a cross-sectional survey. Stratified random sampling yielded a sample of 263 respondents, with 213 completed responses. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and regression models, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed a statistically significant positive impact of the tendering process on project performance (β = 0.487, p < 0.001). Corporate governance practices were found to partially mediate this relationship (indirect effect β = 0.211), while stakeholder engagement significantly moderated the effect (interaction β = 0.172, p = 0.018). The moderated mediation model confirmed that the relationship between tendering and performance, through corporate governance, was significantly influenced by stakeholder engagement; moderated mediation index = 0.069, 95% CI [0.018, 0.124].In conclusion, transparent and efficient tendering processes, supported by strong governance structures and active stakeholder engagement, can greatly enhance water project performance. The study recommends institutionalizing participatory tendering audits, implementing regular capacity-building for procurement officers, and integrating stakeholder consultation throughout the project lifecycle to improve governance and sustainability in Kenya’s devolved water service delivery system.
TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, FINANCIAL RESOURCE DIVERSIFICATION, STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS, AND INSTITUTIONAL SUSTAINABILITY OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN KENYA
(management university of africa, 2023-09) KAMAU FRANCIS KAHIHU
This study examined the relationships among transformational leadership, financial resource diversification and strategic partnerships in institutional sustainability. It sought to examine four specific relationships, namely (i) between transformational leadership and sustainability; (ii) whether or not there was a mediating effect of financial resource diversification on the relationship between transformational leadership and institutional sustainability; (iii) whether or not there was a moderating effect of strategic partnerships on the relationship between transformational leadership and institutional sustainability; and (iv) whether or not, there was a moderated-mediated relationship of financial resource diversification on the relationship between transformational leadership and institutional sustainability of nongovernmental organizations in Kenya. The anchor theory was transformational leadership and used the positivistic research philosophy approach. It adopted a cross-sectional research design targeting the 3028 active non-governmental Organizations at the national level. It used a questionnaire to collect primary data. A pilot study was conducted on 35 respondents. Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin and Cronbach Alpha results were greater than 0.7 for all variables. A key limitation related to the sensitivity of the data which was overcome through adequate guarantee on data use. The study achieved a response rate of 71.6%. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of International Business Machine’s Statistical Package for Social Science version 26.0. The study used Analysis of Moment Structures version 18 to generate fit models, Path Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling. The findings indicated that transformational leadership significantly influenced the institutional sustainability of NGOs in Kenya. No major limitation was encountered apart from respondents reluctant to participate due to nature of information sought and this was addressed by creating good rapport. The study findings established that strategic partnerships have a significantly enhanced moderating effect on the relationship between transformational leadership and the institutional sustainability of the NGOs. It found financial resource diversification to significantly mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and institutional sustainability of NGOs in Kenya. As such, it confirmed the moderated-mediated effect of financial resource diversification on the relationship between transformational leadership and institutional sustainability of NGOs in Kenya. The study recommended adopting transformational leadership practices. It also urges the administration of the NGOs to effectively motivate their staff to participate in NGO activities. Finally, the study informs key policy decisions among NGO policymakers, authorities, and organizational development stakeholders.