BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP

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FACTORS AFFECTING SUPPLIER APPRAISAL IN THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY OF KENYA AIRWAYS LTD.
(Management University of Africa, 2018-04) BEATRICE NIGHT AYIRO
The main objective of this study was to examine the factors affecting supplier appraisal in the airline industry a case study of Kenya Airways Ltd. with specific objectives being to establish how organizational policy affects supplier appraisal in the airline industry; to determine how pricing affects supplier appraisal in the airline industry; to determine how quality affects supplier appraisal in the airline industry and to establish how information communication technology affects supplier appraisal in the airline industry. The findings will be the reference point to other researchers in the same field that are interested in this area of studies, the study findings were beneficial to forming the basis for future research on the subject, providing a critical examination of the field. The findings of this study will provide important information to future researchers interested in this area with references and relevant literature to complete their research work. The knowledge generated by this study will enable scholars to improve and develop a better understanding on the subject. The study is anchored on the following theory's goal setting theory, institutional theory and expectancy theory. The study variables are organizational policy, pricing, quality and ICT. This study was carried out using descriptive research design. The target population of this study were 175 respondents comprised of senior managers, middle level managers and non-management that were randomly selected. Stratified proportion sampling was employed to obtain a suitable unit representative of analysis. This research study used questionnaires as the main data collection tool. The questionnaires were pilot tested before being administered to the target audience. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics. Specifically, means, averages and percentages were used in the study. The data analysis tools were simple tabulations and presentations of the report using spread sheets and the use of SPSS version 24.0. This study used inferential statistics to show the relationship that exists between the study variables. Data was analyzed using and quantitative methods. Data was then be tabulated and frequencies calculated on each variable under study and interpretations made from the field findings. Percentages will then be calculated and interpretation made. Study findings established that, the pricing in a given institution highly affects the supplier appraisal to a great extent. This is because it was noted that price charged by the various suppliers will determine whether they will be awarded a contract with the organization or not. Organizational policy is also concluded as a major factor determining the supplier appraisal since it was noted that organizational policy is a key factor in determining the goals of an organization.
THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGY ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF TAXI BUSINESS IN KENYA: THE CASE OF UBER KENYA
(Management University of Africa, 2018-07) GEORGE MAILU
Competitive advantage has in many years shaped competitors to establish factories and industries which in the case of the taxi industry have enormous impact through the sharing of the rides in technology companies like Uber, Taxify, and Sidecar etc. The now well-developed taxi new services through technology have made the consumers of the services better due to convenience. Taxi companies have been benefitting from a lack of competition in the hire transportation market until recently. The major challenge that the taxi industry is currently facing is the technological innovation of ride-sharing applications. Ridesharing companies, namely Uber and Lyft, operate by using a smartphone app to match consumers requesting rides with drivers that will take them there in a short time. The current taxi technology uses a consumer smart phone app that indicates the taxi driver and the contacts, a pickup place showing the consumer’s payment information. This is done by the use of a GPS device tracks to indicate and also the payment is charged automatically and paid through mobile money or cash after the end of the trip. The taxi company takes a percentage of the fare, and the remaining goes to the driver. In Kenya public transport is very slow and inconveniencing and more especially some areas that are not well connected hence it becomes very challenging for commuters to operate from such areas. The research study is among the very few that have been done on the influence of technology on the competitive advantage of taxi, but it will be the first to provide data for Nairobi hence the need to conduct the study. The study answers the research questions derived from the identified objectives as follows; time efficiency, quality service, pricing and challenges facing technology-based taxi business in Uber industry in Kenya. The study was done at Uber Kenya located on Chiromo lane on Westland in Nairobi targeting staff, drivers and consumers of the services. The study used descriptive design method which adopted the questionnaire as the research instruments and then data collected will be analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The findings on demographic information included age, gender, academic qualifications, duration of service and the position a participant holds at the time of the study. Then the results were obtained on time efficiency based on pick-up time effectiveness and maintenance. On quality service it based on clean and quality cars, rating of customer service and competent and expert drivers. On pricing it based on offering lower prices than traditional taxi services and surge valuation time pricing. Then on automation it based on use of automated payment services and automation on car location. The study concluded that there were more female than men within 25-35 years of age majority being degree holders. Pick up time for Uber taxi services efficient. The cars are of quality and clean but the customer service not effective, the drivers are competent and experts. They offer low prices than other service providers though exaggerate during surge hours. Automated payment services rarely used, the automation is effective in the identification of car location for pick-up. To explore more on factors affecting time maintenance upon request, why customer service is not effective and management of pricing exaggeration during surge hours.
EFFECTS OF PUBLIC RELATION ACTIVITIES ON MARKETING OF ORGANIZATIONS, THE CASE OF BUSIA COUNTY GOVERNMENT
(Management University of Africa, 2019-08) MARGARET NDUTI
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of Public Relation activities on marketing of organizations, a case of Busia County Government. The issue is to investigate the contribution of PR to marketing of organizations. The objectives of the study were: to identify effects of media relations on marketing of organizations, to assess the effects of PR promotional activities on the marketing of organizations, to find out how product publicity affects marketing of organizations and to evaluate the effects of corporate communication on the marketing of organizations. The study reviewed relevant literature from previous studies done on public relations activities and what their findings were in regard to how organizations used them. Descriptive research design was used because the problem was specific and well defined. The study targeted 120 employees from Busia County Government. Yamane formula was used to determine a sample size of 92 from the study population. Questionnaires were used to obtain quantitative data on the subject with the aim of having facts on the situation. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics mainly frequencies and percentages. The findings were presented in the form of tables. The study found out that media relations had a significant effect on marketing of organizations, PR promotions had effect on the marketing of organizations, product publicity affected marketing of organizations, and corporate communication had a significant effect on the marketing of organizations. Finally, the study found out that Public Relations activities had a significant effect on marketing of organizations. It is recommended that the management should ensure that they adopt the appropriate social media tool that will enhance marketing of the organization. Also, the management should adopt the right promotion strategies to facilitate better marketing of the organization's products/ services. In addition, product publicity should be encouraged in order to ensure better organizational marketing. Further, the management should encourage application of corporate communication to enhance marketing of the organization. Finally, the management should adopt the right public relations activities so that to boost marketing of organizations.
THE EFFECTS OF MATERIAL HANDLING ON PROFITABILITY OF AN ORGANIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF CHANDARIA INDUSTRIES NAIROBI
(MUA, 2021-04) ELIZABETH WAMBUI KARIUKI
Material handling main aim is to support the company operations with an uninterrupted flow of materials and services. This is achieved through detailed planning of the supply of materials, parts and components so that they are brought together at the right time and in the right worklocation. The study was guided by the following objectives; to determine the effect of materialstorage on profitability of an organization; to examine the impact of inventory management on profitability of an organization; to determine the impact of production planning profitability of an organization; to examine delivery procedures effect on profitability of an organization. The study was carried out on Chandaria Industries Ltd (CIL) located at Baba Dogo in Nairobi, Kenya. Descriptive research design was adopted for this study. The target population consisted of 61 respondents. Census was used to collect information from the entire population. The studycollected primary data. The data was collected using questionnaires. Data for this research was quantitative. Analysis was done using SPSS Version 24. Graphs, tables and pie charts were used to represent the outcomes. The study finding indicated that The study results revealed that 79.6% (mean=3.86) of the respondents were of the view that suitable storage location improves durability. 68.8% (mean=3.44) of the responses were of the opinion that reorder point ensures stock is constant and goods supply is efficiency. 70.8% (mean=3.54) were of the opinion that Delegation of duties in term of specialization ensures smooth production process and finally the study results revealed that 72.4% (mean=3.62) of the respondents were of the view that communication efficiency enhances effective delivery. The study concluded that the basic objective of materials handling is to ensure that the right item is bought and made available to the organization operations at the right time, at the right place and at the lowest possible cost. The study recommended that effective production planning guided by the forces of demand and supply in order to satisfy customer needs. Finally the study recommended formulation of strategic delivery procedures in order to reduce the transportation cost where the study recommended bulk supply of good at a given time to reduce the overall cost.
EVALUATING THE FACTORS AFFECTING ADOPTION OF E PROCUREMENT IN PUBLIC INSTITUTION: A CASE OF MAASAI MARA UNIVERSITY
(Management University of Africa, 2021-06) NCHOE MAINA JACKSON
This study aimed at evaluating factors affecting adoption of e-procurement in public institutions in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study sought to; examine how e procurement solutions affect the adoption of e-procurement in public institution, examine how Standardization affect adoption of e-procurement in public institutions, assess how availability of resources required for e-procurement affect the adoption of e-procurement in public institution and establish how the volume of transaction affect the adoption of e-procurement in public institutions. Descriptive design was adopted for this study. The design is appropriate in collecting the opinion and views of the respondents with the aim of answering questions such as who, what, how, when and were. The target population was 500 permanent employees of Maasai Mara University. A sample size of 50 employees was selected using Stratified and simple random sampling methods. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources whereby questionnaires and literature reviewing were done respectively so as to get detailed information. The questionnaire was pilot tested for validity and reliability before distribution to the respondents and they were found to be valid and reliable. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and they were presented using graphs, pie charts and frequency tables. The study established that Maasai Mara University did not employ the use of e procurement solutions in their procurement process. Indicating that their level of adoption was very low. The study also established that standardization of the goods procured had an effect on the adoption of e – procurement in the process. In regard to the resource availability, the study established that the university did lack resources but there was lack of management support in the adoption of the e procurement in the procurement process. The results further indicated that the university had enough volumes of goods to be procured that warranted them to adopt e procurement. The study established that only few respondents agreed with the statements indicating that the low level of adoption of e procurement in the university could not be attributed to e procurement solutions available, the standardization of the goods, resource availability or the level of volumes being procured by the university. The study therefore concluded that to enhance the procurement process the university is expected to reconsider the adoption of e procurement by selecting the most appropriate solutions that will ensure standardization of the goods that will utilize the available resources and have the ability to handle large volumes of procured goods to ensure effective use of the system. The study recommends that the university needs to adopt the best solution to enhance effectiveness in the procurement process and take care of the standards and volumes of the goods. There is also need for the university to develop a good resource base for embracing the e procurement platform in order to make the procurement process effective and efficient. The results of the study shall be of great benefit to the management of the university, the procurement department and other government institutions.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZE ENTERPRISES IN KENYA
(Management University of Africa, 2021-07) KIBICHO CHRISTOPHER
The importance and role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to realizing macroeconomic objectives of societies, especially in developing nations, has attracted the attention of researchers in the entrepreneurship discipline for decades. SMEs face a number of growth and performance restraints especially in accessing finance, markets, training and technology. Research carried earlier on SMEs reveal that the growth and performance in most of them are less than satisfactory. The study aimed to establish the factors affecting the growth of small and medium-size enterprises in Kenya. Specifically, the study focused on the effect of finance, innovation, technology, and government policy on the growth of small and medium-size enterprises in Kenya. The study used a descriptive research design. The target population comprised owners of SMEs dealing in vending of foods, clothing, beverages, electronics, auto parts, construction materials and general retailers and wholesale merchandisers in Nairobi County. A sample size of 317 respondents was selected by use stratified random sampling technique. Primary data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. Data analysis was done by use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 25.0). Filled questionnaires were referenced and items in the questionnaire were coded to enable data entry. Frequencies, percentages, mean score and standard deviation were estimated for all the quantitative variables and information was presented in form of tables and graphs. Inferential data analysis was done using multiple regression analysis. The research found that lack of awareness of funding opportunities for long term credit by financial institutions has influenced the growth of asset value in business. The research revealed that knowledge in business planning will enable business to improve in performance. The research established that even with the existing immense amount of trade-related information and the possibility of accessing national and international databases, many small enterprises still continue to rely heavily on private or even physical contacts for market related information. Moreover, the research found that incubation policy, and MSE business registration regime affects the growth of small and medium-size enterprises in Kenya to a moderate extent. Also, the study found that the number of successful entrepreneurs had been constant for the last 5 years while the number of employees had decreased for the last 5 years. The study concluded that the role of Governments and its relevant institutions should be to facilitate the dialogue, and to create instruments and formulate policies in partnership with the banks to promote the financial aspects of successful SME development. The study recommends that owner managers of SMEs should be sensitized on how to access credit information through funding programs provided by financial institutions. It also recommends the need for government to develop policies which will be able to enhance credit guarantee services for SMEs to access financing in Kenya. The government should offer some supporting services to enhance management skills and knowledge so as to enable the entrepreneur to manage their business and exploit the available business opportunities as well as being creative and innovative.
THE IMPACT OF LEGISLATION ON PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES PROCUREMENT PROCESS: A CASE OF EGERTON UNIVERSITY
(Management University of Africa, 2021-07) MERCILLINE MORAA
The Kenyan Procurement Process is faced with inefficiency, undercutting deals that led to massive loss of resources other being wasted. Corruption is identified as the major weakness in public procurement, not only in Kenya but globally, which leads to a loss of approximately $400billion lost due to bribery and corruption. The study focused on investigating the impact of legislation on public procurement Universities Procurement process. The specific objectives of the study included; to establish the impact of the Public Procurement and asset disposal Act 2005 on the procurement process, o assess the effect of the Public Procurement and Disposal legislation, (2006) on the procurement process and establish the contribution of the Public Private Partnership Regulations, (2009) on procurement process. The study targeted 174 employees of Egerton University. The study selected 68 respondents from five different directorates. Both primary and secondary data was used for analysis. Primary data was obtained from the information in the questionnaires distributed to procurement practitioners and interview guides from the university employees. In contrast, secondary data was retrieved from existing reports of the PPOA website. The questionnaires were pilot tested on five entities which helped to improve the instrument. Data was analyzed using SPSS and presented in tables and charts. The study's first objective was to determine the impact of the PPDA, (2005) implementation on procurement process in Kenya. The study shows that Egerton University has implemented the Public Procurement and Disposal Act (2005), which contributes to their effective procurement process as indicated by an increased rate of service delivery at the university. Findings indicated that implementation of the PPDA (2005) had to a greater extent achieved the objectives of efficiency (value for money); competition; transparency and accountability contributed largely to the procurement process with the mean of4.0. The second objective of the study aimed at establishing the impact of PPDR, (2006) legislation on procurement process. Findings indicated that Egerton had put in place structures to govern the procurement process. This included the appointment of the relevant committees that adjudicated on procurement and disposal issues (tender, procurement, disposal and tender processing committee). Findings indicated that by a mean of 4.26 of the respondents surveyed prepared procurement plans and updated them to suit project needs; 4.14 of the corporations have records management units, and 3.17 respondents were not familiar with the procurement rules and regulations. The third objective of the study aimed at establishing the contribution of PPPR, (2009) on the procurement process at Egerton University. The study showed a positive relationship between PPPR (2009) legislation and the procurement process.
EFFECTS OF ENTREPRENEURAL TRAINING ON PERFORMANCE OF MICRO AND SMALL BUSINESSES: A CASE OF MURANG’A TOWN CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT.
(Management University of Africa, 2021-07) DAVID MACHARIA
The general objective of the study was to examine the influence of entrepreneurial training on performance of Micro and Small enterprises in the Central Business District of Murang’a Town. The study specifically evaluated the influence of bookkeeping skills, budgeting, credit management skills and saving skills training influence performance of micro and small enterprises in the Central Business District of Murang’a Town. This study made use of descriptive research design to answer questions concerning the effect of entrepreneurial training on the performance of micro and small enterprises. The target population for this study was 152 owners/managers of micro and small enterprises operating in CBD of Murang’a Town. Stratified random sampling was used to select a representative sample of 46 respondents representing 30% of the target population. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was then tabulated and analyzed using percentages and descriptive statistics like mean. Qualitative data from the open- ended questions was analyzed on the basis of various themes and presented in narrative form and prose. The study revealed from majority (75%) of the respondents that they never practiced any bookkeeping in their businesses before the training. It was however revealed (Mean=2.225) that skills in maintaining the debtors and creditors ledgers have helped them in the expansion endeavors. The study also established that majority (87.5%) of the respondents never did budgeting before the training. It was found out that (mean=1.575) that preparation of budgets enhances the financial performance of small and medium businesses. In relation to whether or not the respondents had a credit management program before the entrepreneurial training, majority (80%) of the respondents indicated that they never had a credit management program in place before the training. As concerns saving skills training, majority (62%) did not have savings plans before the financial literacy training, while the rest (38%) had savings plans before the training. It was found out that 50% of the respondents do not have up to date savings records while another half of the respondents (50%) do not have their savings records up to date. The study concludes that bookkeeping has a big role to play in enhancing the financial management skills of the small businesses owners making it easy for them to have adequate cash flows for performance of micro and small enterprises. It was also concluded that the managers of micro and small enterprises have an idea what bookkeeping is given that some of them were able to prepare creditors ledger and debtors Ledger. The study recommended that the management of micro and small enterprises should give equal emphasis to all books of account. The managers should also hire professionals at a fee to help them prepare thee books for enhanced financial management and performance of micro and small enterprises. Financial institutions can continually assist business managers in the preparation of the required books before advancing loans to them. It was also recommended that the managers/owners of micro and small enterprises need to involve employees in the budgeting process. This will help in ensuring the success of the entire process. The study further recommended for the management of micro and small enterprises to be attending similar trainings to sharpen their budgeting skills which in turn help them to repay their loans. The researcher recommended that a similar study be done on any other training programs like that of Equity Bank foundation to compare the findings.
A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP (PURCHASING AND SUPPLIES OPTION) OF THE MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY OF AFRICA.
(MUA, 2021-07) JEFWA KALAMA MLEWA
When highlighting the challenges facing Kenyatta National Hospital, the 2012 auditor General's report indicates that the key challenges facing Kenyatta National Hospital operations range from stock-outs to long procurement procedures. This study focuses to establish the role of strategic procurement in healthcare delivery as the main objective. The specific objectives of the study aim to establish extend in which strategic sourcing, green procurement, inventory optimization and supplier relationship management affect the healthcare delivery at Kenyatta National Hospital. The research carries out on several categories of procurement personnel of Kenyatta National Hospital who will aid in providing the required information relevant to the study. The study adopts descriptive survey design and stratified random sampling method selection for sampling. This study adopted the use of questionnaires as a tool for data collection. The study targets population of 31 employees drawn from supply chain management divisions mainly; procurement and administrative services, procurement clinical officers, contract management and tender secretariat, logistics and warehousing and KPCC supply chain. Data processing, analysis and presentation were done through descriptive statistical method (SPPS version 24) and use of tables, pie charts, and bar graphs, respectively. Both primary and secondary data was collected and analysed. Primary data was gathered using questionnaires issued to respondents. Based on the data collected and the subsequent findings of the study, it is concluded that strategic procurement plays a significant role in improving, streamlining and optimizing healthcare delivery. Particularly, strategic sourcing, green procurement practices, inventory optimization and employment of supplier relationship management positively and significantly influence healthcare delivery. The study recommends public and private entities in the healthcare sector to familiarize themselves with procurement strategic practices and implement them in their operations in order to improve its efficiency and also to streamline the entire supply chain management. The research benefits various stakeholders in the procurement environments including the authority itself, future scholars in the field, the government, as well as the general business and procurement field from various departments and levels of management ranging from staff, middle level management and top management.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISING IN ENHANCING SALES VOLUME IN FINANCIAL SECTOR: A CASES STUDY OF EQUITY BANK
(Management University of Africa, 2021-08) CYNTHIA AJIAMBO WANYAMA
This study was to determine the role of social media advertising in enhancing sales volume in financial sector. The study considered the following objectives which were management skills, corporate image, management support as well as funding. The study will be significant to the management of the university as well as other researchers. The study adopted a descriptive research design with an intended population of 530 employees of the organization. Stratified sampling methodology was used to ascertain the right sample size of the study which was 80 respondents representing 15% of the target population. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively while presentation was done by use of tables and charts. From the study findings majority of 84% agreed that management skills do affect social media advertising in enhancing sales volume in financial sector while a representation of 16% disagreed. On the other hand, corporate image does affect with a representation of 94% while 6% disagreed it does not affect social media advertising. Management support has an impact on social media advertising in enhancing sales volume in financial sector with a representation of 83% who agreed while 17% disagreed it does not affect. Finally on the representation, 90% of the respondents agreed that funding does affect social media advertising in enhancing sales volume in financial sector while 10% disagreed that it does not affect in anyway. Based on the analysis the researcher recommended that management skills should be reviewed regularly, and this should be done through training, workshops and seminars to improve the employee’s capability in the organization. The corporate image should be improved by the organization offering corporate social responsibility to the community that they operate for this will build the image of the organization. Management support influences the organization performance especially when it comes to social media advertising; therefore, the researcher recommended that management should be fully involved in all decisions that relate to social media advertising in enhancing sales volume in financial sector. Funding for organization especially on social media advertising in enhancing sales volume needs to be enhanced for it will enable the organization to attract potential investors and even other corporate organizations.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN DEVOLVED GOVERNMENTS: A CASE STUDY OF COUNTY GOVERNMENT OF NYERI
(Management University of Africa, 2021-08) IRENE PURITY WANYAGAH
The purpose of this study was to assess the factors that influence the implementation of corporate governance in devolved administrations. The study's particular objectives were to determine the impact of public involvement on the implementation of corporate governance in County Government of Nyeri, to assess the extent to which staff competency influence the implementation of corporate governance in County Government of Nyeri, to determine the influences of monetary management on the implementation of corporate governance in County Government of Nyeri and to find out the influence of county government policies on the implementation of county government in County Government of Nyeri. The study used a case study research design to target both technical staff and administrative staff. The study targeted 120 employees from all the departments of the County Government of Nyeri. Sample sizes of 36 employees were considered after employing a stratified sampling method. A simple random sampling method was used to pick the respondent from each stratum. This gave the respondent in each stratum an equal chance of being selected. Questionnaires were utilized for data collection. A pilot study was conducted prior to the real data collection to ensure the research instruments' reliability and validity. The research gathered both qualitative and quantitative information. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and percentages, were used to assess the quantitative data acquired. Qualitative data was organized into topics that corresponded to the study's goals. The study concluded that most respondents indicated that organization corporate governance in devolved governments was highly affected by factors such as public involvement, staff competency, monetary management and county government policies. The respondents indicated that in order for the firm to realize the deserved levels of competitive tendering, then the relationship between these variables need to be given the attention they deserve. The study recommends that the firms’ management should seek information on the effects of public involvement, staff competency, monetary management and county government policies. There is a need for systems and methods to be put in place in order to meet the needs of the four elements. This is because the four elements work individually and in conjunction to affect corporate governance in devolved governments as evidenced by the findings from the research study. The study found out that the public involvement had a direct impact on corporate governance in devolved governments. If the County Government of Nyeri would invest more in four elements by expanding their efficient usage of resources, it would be very welcoming and would ease the agony of delays, wastage, and improve corporate governance in devolved governments.
EFFECTS OFMOTIVATIONONEMPLOYEESPERFOMANCE INE-COMMERCE RETAIL PLATFORMCOMPANIES INKENYA:ACASESTUDYOFSOKOWATCH COMPANYLIMITED
(Management University of Africa, 2021-09) DIANA CHEPNGENO
Employees are at the core of every company. Employee collaboration is essential for every company to run effectively and without interruption. The primary goal of this research was to investigate the impact of motivation on employee performance in an E-commerce Retail Platform. The study strived to determine the influence of motivational goal setting on the performance of employees at Sokowatch company limited, to determine the effect of monetary factors on performance of employees at Sokowatch company limited, to determine the effect of recognition programs on the performance of employees at Sokowatch company limited, and to determine the effects of rewards to employees at Sokowatch company limited. The study used a sample of 50 respondents. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the proportion and frequencies of the variables. The correlation test was used to draw references about the population from the sample and statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) was used to facilitate the data analysis. According to the findings of the study, Sokowatch Company Limited's management employed goal setting to inspire its staff in part. The management enabled the employees to be engaged in goal formulation, despite the fact that they did not find the goals demanding or difficult at all, despite their specificity. The survey also revealed a lack of regular training and development for employees to enhance their essential skills and expertise, which is an issue that should be addressed. Furthermore, there was no mentorship program for workers, either at onboarding or to help them accomplish their goals, which would have been extremely useful. As a result, management should restructure the goals they give and establish mentoring and training programs. According to the findings of the survey, employees at Sokowatch Company Limited were extremely unsatisfied with the monetary package offered by the business. According to the research, employees did not consider their salary and benefits package to be competitive when compared to other real estate firms. The study showed that money was a very motivating element for employees, and management should consider boosting the monetary and benefit package they provide. The research concluded that the firm employed recognition and incentive programs in part, but they were ineffective in encouraging people to succeed. Staff viewed present recognition and incentive systems to be inequitable and unjust, rendering them useless in encouraging employees. As a result, the research suggests that management re-evaluate and re-engineer the present recognition and incentive program, therefore changing workers' perceptions of it.
FACTORS AFFECTING PACKAGING OF PERISHABLE PRODUCTS IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF HARVEST FLOWER LIMITED
(MUA, 2021-09) KIOKO MUTINDA KENNEDY
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the factors affecting the packaging of perishable products, to establish and determine if competition, cost, technology transportation and government policy affects the packaging of perishable products. The main beneficiary of the study will be the management of Harvest flower limited and other manufacturing industries and organizations. The study adopted descriptive research design where sample size of 100 employees was selected from the target population of 1000 employees which was 10% of the target population derived using stratified Radom sampling, Questionnaires were administered to respondents by the researcher. Data was collected and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively which provide an appropriate analysis. From the findings, 96% indicated that costs of packaging affects the packaging of perishable products in Kenya, while 4% of the respondents said it does not affect. 88% of the respondents indicated that government policies affect the packaging of perishable products in Kenya while 12% disagreed that government policies don’t affect. 95% indicated that competition affects the packaging of perishable products in Kenya while 5% of the respondents said it does not affect. 92% of the total respondents said transportation affects packaging of perishable products in Kenya, while 8% of the respondents said it does not affect. The researcher recommended that the management of Harvest flower ltd must change their strategies more often for the organization to remain competitive in the modern market. Also the management need to be innovative so as to bring out the best packaging that will meet modern market needs as well minimizing production costs. Government policies should be observed when dealing with packaging.
FACTORS INFLUENCING LOAN PERFORMANCE OF SAVINGS AND CREDIT COOPERATIVE IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF AFYA SACCO LIMITED
(Management University of Africa, 2021-09) KITHUKA AGNES MUNYIVA
This study was to determine factors influencing loan performance of savings and credit cooperative organizations in Kenya with reference to Afya Sacco Limited. The study considered the following specific objectives: organization policy, loan defaulting, pricing and competition and how it affects loan performance of Sacco’s Limited. This study shall be beneficial to the Afya Sacco Limited, other Sacco’s as well as other researchers. The study used descriptive research design for it described the population the way it was. The target population for the study was 84 employees who work in the organization at different levels of management. Stratified random sampling was used as the sampling technique and data was collected through questionnaires while data analysis was informed of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Presentation of findings was done through tables and graphs.
FACTORS AFFECTING PACKAGING OF PERISHABLE PRODUCTS IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY OF HARVEST FLOWER LIMITED
(MUA, 2021-09) KIOKO MUTINDA KENNEDY
The main purpose of the study was to investigate the factors affecting the packaging of perishable products, to establish and determine if competition, cost, technology transportation and government policy affects the packaging of perishable products. The main beneficiary of the study will be the management of Harvest flower limited and other manufacturing industries and organizations. The study adopted descriptive research design where sample size of 100 employees was selected from the target population of 1000 employees which was 10% of the target population derived using stratified Radom sampling, Questionnaires were administered to respondents by the researcher. Data was collected and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively which provide an appropriate analysis. From the findings, 96% indicated that costs of packaging affects the packaging of perishable products in Kenya, while 4% of the respondents said it does not affect. 88% of the respondents indicated that government policies affect the packaging of perishable products in Kenya while 12% disagreed that government policies don’t affect. 95% indicated that competition affects the packaging of perishable products in Kenya while 5% of the respondents said it does not affect. 92% of the total respondents said transportation affects packaging of perishable products in Kenya, while 8% of the respondents said it does not affect. The researcher recommended that the management of Harvest flower ltd must change their strategies more often for the organization to remain competitive in the modern market. Also the management need to be innovative so as to bring out the best packaging that will meet modern market needs as well minimizing production costs. Government policies should be observed when dealing with packaging.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF MARKETING COMMUNICATION TOOLS IN SACCOS IN KENYA, A CASE STUDY OF DAIMA SACCO
(MUA, 2021-10) MARY MUTHONI NJOKA
The objective of the study was to determine factors affecting the performance of marketing communication tools in Sacco’s in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were: To find out how organization culture affect the performance of the marketing communication tools in Sacco’s, to establish how Information communication technology affect the performance of the marketing communication tools in Sacco’s, to assess how staff skills affect the performance of the marketing communication tools in Sacco’s and to determine how financial resources affect the performance of the marketing communication tools in Sacco’s. The study findings will be of great significance to all the stakeholders interested in the success of the marketing communication. The study will provide the background information to other researchers and scholars who may want to carry out further research in this area. The research design adopted in this research study was descriptive research design.The target population was on all the employees of Daima Sacco, totalling to 155.The researcher used stratified sampling method to select the sample size of 30% of the accessible population which was 47 employees. The study used only primary data which was obtained through self-administered questionnaires with closed and open-ended questions. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequency, distributions, percentages and measures of central tendency such as mean, mode and median, Kombo and Donald (2006). Computer packages Excel was used to aid in analyzing and presenting the data through tables, charts and scatter diagrams were provided to show any statistically significant relationship in both graphical and numeric forms in a more clear and concise way. According to the findings of this study, the majority of respondents (40%) chose corporate culture as a technique to improve marketing communication. Financial resources had an impact on marketing communication, according to 78 percent of respondents. This indicated that financial resources have an impact on financial institution marketing communication. According to the findings, organizational leaders succeed by being consistent and conveying clear messages about their priorities, attitudes, and beliefs. Once a culture has been formed and accepted, it can be used as a powerful leadership tool to communicate the leader's ideas and values to all members of the organization, especially newcomers. Leaders who create ethical culture are more successful in maintaining organizational growth, providing the high-quality services that society expects, and addressing problems before they become disasters, and hence are more competitive than their competitors. According to the findings, businesses may need to conduct marketing and advertising activities to raise brand awareness. They seek to outsmart the competition and obtain top-of-mind awareness on occasion. Other times, the company aims to assist sales teams by producing more sales leads through its campaigns. An organization can employ a variety of methods for different campaigns, including television advertisements, print campaigns, radio spots, digital marketing, and on-the-ground events, among others. To effectively contact diverse customers, it is usually a combination of several means of communication. The findings of the study, while comprehensive, point to the need for more research into the factors that influence the financial success of microfinance organizations in Kenya.
FACTORS AFFECTING DIGITAL CONTENT MARKETING AMONG FISH TRADERS IN KENYA. A CASE OF SINDO FISH TRADERS IN HOMA BAY COUNTY
(Management University of Africa, 2024-07) CAREN JUMA AYANGA
The primary goal of this research was to identify the elements that influence digital content marketing among Kenyan fish vendors. The Homa Bay County lawsuit involving Sindo Fish Traders. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the impact of digital literacy on digital content marketing among Sindo Fish Traders in Homa Bay County, to examine the impact of consumer behavior on digital content marketing in this same sector, to assess the impact of market competition on digital content marketing in this same sector, and to ascertain the impact of financial resources on digital content marketing in this same sector. The research team at Sindo Fish Traders aimed to collect data from 280 employees as part of their descriptive study. The study's principal data gathering tool was a questionnaire, and it used a census sample technique to pick 280 Sindo Fish Traders. Ethical principles such as informed permission, anonymity, privacy, and confidentiality were maintained throughout the investigation. The data was organized and sorted using SPS Version 26, descriptive statistics were used to examine the findings, and the results were presented in tables and figures. The results showed that even while a lot of traders know digital marketing is important, they don't really know how to use it. This is especially true when it comes to social media and analyzing the competition. Therefore, in order to increase traders' digital marketing abilities, the study suggests implementing focused training and support programs, better financial systems, and collaborative networks. In order to promote corporate growth and customer engagement in an increasingly digital environment, the study suggests that it is vital to foster digital literacy and allocate resources effectively for digital marketing in the fish trading industry.
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO YOUTH ALCOHOLISM AMONG RESIDENTS AGED BETWEEN 18 TO 35 IN MWEA CONSTITUENCY KIRINYAGA COUNTY. CASE STUDY KIRWARA VILLAGE IN MUTITHI WARD, MWEA CONSTITUENCY
(Management University of Africa, 2024-08) SARAH NYAWIRA KARIUKI
The research aimed to identify the causes of underage drinking in Kirwara, a settlement in Mwea Constituency’s Mutithi Ward, Kirinyaga County. It focused on understanding young people's awareness of alcohol dangers, their social and environmental contexts, mental health, family dynamics respondents from the 3,000 residents of Kirwara. Data collection involved administering a structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions and a 5-point Likert scale to gather information on demographic details, social influences, psychological characteristics, family dynamics, and awareness of alcohol-related risks. In-depth interviews and focus groups were also conducted to gain deeper insights. A pilot test with 10% of the population ensured the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Data processing included verifying completeness, entering data into Microsoft Excel, and analyzing it using descriptive statistics such as percentages and frequencies. Results were presented with tables, bar graphs, and pie charts. Ethical considerations included obtaining informed consent, ensuring confidentiality, and protecting participants’ privacy and anonymity. The study adhered to these standards to maintain trust and credibility. Key findings revealed that social and environmental factors, such as peer influence, easy access to alcohol, and community norms, significantly contributed to underage drinking. Psychological factors like using alcohol to cope with depression, anxiety, and stress were also prevalent. Family dynamics, including parental alcohol use and parenting styles, impacted youth drinking behaviors. Although many youths were aware of the risks of alcohol consumption, harmful drinking practices persisted. The study concluded that multifaceted interventions were necessary to address the various factors contributing to youth alcoholism. Recommendations included enhancing community-based alcohol prevention programs, increasing family counseling, improving school and community education on alcohol risks, and strengthening enforcement of alcohol access regulations. Further research was recommended to explore the long-term impacts of underage drinking.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES IN PUBLIC UTILITY ORGANIZATIONS, A CASE STUDY OF THE KENYA POWER & LIGHTING COMPANY LIMITED
(MUA, 2024-08) STEPHEN OJIJO
Using Kenya Power and Lighting Company (KPLC) as a case study, this research details the results of an investigation into the variables impacting worker productivity in public utility enterprises. The research looked at how leadership style, company culture, channels of communication, and incentive systems affected employee performance using a mixed-methods approach. Fifty people, including both workers and managers, were chosen at random using a stratified sample method to take part in the study. Structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews were used to collect data, which allowed for the acquisition of qualitative and quantitative insights. The criteria were shown to have strong relationships with employee performance, according to the research. A leader's approach to management became an important factor, as productive leaders boost morale and output. By highlighting the significance of shared values and open communication, organizational culture affected employee engagement and work satisfaction. Employee engagement and performance were discovered to be enhanced via effective communication channels, and a transparent and fair incentive system was determined to be crucial for encouraging and acknowledging workers' efforts. In order to boost productivity at KPLC, it is crucial to address these variables with focused interventions, as shown in the results. Leadership development programs, an encouraging company culture, better avenues of communication, and an all-encompassing compensation plan are all on the list of suggested improvements. Additionally, additional research is needed to determine the efficacy of different treatments and to investigate the longterm effects of these variables on employee performance. In sum, the findings, and suggestions for improving KPLC's productivity and employee happiness are a great boon to our understanding of the variables impacting employee performance in public utility businesses.
LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ADOPTION OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN KENYA: A CASE STUDY COMMUNICATIONS AUTHORITY OF KENYA
(Management University of Africa, 2024-09) ALBERT KOCHEI
Public sector institutions in Kenya are struggling with digital transformation due to ineffective leadership, a lack of understanding of how leadership styles impact this process, and a significant digital divide, which hinders equitable access to services and exacerbates social inequalities, ultimately risking the country's economic and social benefits as outlined in its Vision 2030 plan. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to investigate the leadership styles and adoption of digital transformation in the public sector in Kenya: A case study of the Communications Authority of Kenya. This objective guided the study to determine the effect of visionary leadership style on the adoption of digital transformation, to establish the effect of transformational leadership style on the adoption of digital transformation, to assess the effect of transactional leadership style on the adoption of digital transformation, to establish the effect of participative leadership style on the adoption of digital transformation and to ascertain the effect of authoritative leadership style on the adoption of digital transformation. Transformational Leadership Theory and Adaptive Leadership Theory was guiding the study. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population was 230 employees of the CAK involved in digital transformation projects. Yamane formulae were used to calculate a sample size of 146 respondents. Stratified sampling was used to select respondents. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires. A pilot study was conducted in the Media Council of Kenya (MCK) to ascertain the validity and reliability of research instruments. The data was coded and entered into the computer for analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 25). Quantitative data from the questionnaires was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included frequency, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. The inferential analysis was carried out through regression analysis to test the direct and indirect effects of the study variables. Data was presented in tables. The study results revealed that there was a positive linear effect of visionary leadership style on the adoption of digital transformation in the public sector in Kenya. (β1=0.202, p=0.020). Transformational leadership style has a positive and significant effect on the adoption of digital transformation in the public sector in Kenya (β2=0.253, p=0.001). Transactional leadership style has a positive and significant effect on the adoption of digital transformation in the public sector in Kenya (β3=0.134, p=0.035). Participative leadership style was found to have a positive and significant effect on the adoption of digital transformation in the public sector in Kenya (β4=0. 240, p=0.005). Authoritative leadership style was found to have a positive and significant effect on the adoption of digital transformation in the public sector in Kenya (β5=.162, p=0.017). The study concluded that digital transformation in Kenya's public sector is influenced by visionary, transformational, transactional, participative, and authoritative leadership styles. Visionary leaders communicate a clear vision, inspire creativity, empower employees, and provide resources for learning digital skills. Transactional leaders outline rewards, clarify performance goals, and emphasize consequences of not adopting digital tools. Participative leaders involve team members in decision-making and foster innovation. Authoritative leaders communicate vision set expectations and provide feedback. The study recommended that leaders should strengthen visionary leadership practices, cultivate transformational leadership styles, leverage transactional leadership, and adopt participative leadership styles to effectively communicate the vision for digital transformation and inspire employees to embrace new digital tools and processes. They should also provide resources, support, and celebrate successes, and emphasize the potential consequences of not adopting new digital tools.